打字稿：通过`Object.defineProperty`向数组类型添加别名

Question

If I have an array for this sake ['test', 'test2', 'test3'] , I'm adding aliases to it using Object.defineProperty() that are defined in a different array ['a', 'b', 'c'] .

Here is my current (shortened) example that does not allow me to access the defined property on the returned array.

How can I have typescript recognise that there are defined properties on this array that match the values of the array ['a', 'b', 'c'] ?

const aliasArr = ['a', 'b', 'c'];

const applyAliases = <Alias extends string[], Values extends any[]>(aliases: Alias) => (arr: Values) => {
    const definition = [...arr];
    aliases.forEach((key, i) =>
        Object.defineProperty(definition, key, {
            enumerable: false,
            get(): Values[number] {
                return this[i];
            },
        })
    );
    return definition as typeof arr & { [P in keyof Alias]: Values[number] };
};

const applied = applyAliases<typeof aliasArr, string[]>(aliasArr)(['test', 'test2', 'test3']);

const test = applied.a // Error, property 'a' does not exist on type string[]

Answer 1

You've already figured out that applying mapped type to array results in array, so
{ [P in keyof Alias]: Values[number] } should be { [P in Alias[number]]: Values[number] } or Record<Alias[number], Values[number]> .

The missing part is restricting Alias[number] to desired keys instead of just string[] . This can be achieved by defining aliasArr as readonly tuple:

const aliasArr = ['a', 'b', 'c'] as const; // aliasArr is of type readonly ["a", "b", "c"]

const applyAliases = <Alias extends ReadonlyArray<string>>(aliases: Alias) => <Values extends any[]>(arr: Values) => {
    const definition = [...arr];
    aliases.forEach((key, i) =>
        Object.defineProperty(definition, key, {
            enumerable: false,
            get(): Values[number] {
                return this[i];
            },
        })
    );
    return definition as Values & Record<Alias[number], Values[number]>;
};

const applied = applyAliases(aliasArr)(['test', 'test2', 'test3']);

const test = applied.a // now OK

applied.x // Property 'x' does not exist on type 'string[] & { a: string; b: string; c: string; }'

Playground

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** Second generic parameter moved to inner function, so typescript will be able to infer it properly