每天 8:00、12:30、17:00 运行 Gmail Google Apps 脚本

Question

I need to run a Google Apps script three times a day: at 8:00, 12:30, 17:00.

How to do this?

I have already looked at Triggers , and more specifically Time driven :

• Hour timer, but Every hour , Every 2 hours , Every 4 hours are not adapted here

• Day timer, but then 8am to 9am is not very precise, I would prefer something more precise, and also 12:30 is not possible

• Specific time, but then YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM is not adapted to run it daily

From calendar triggers does not seem adapted either.

Answer 1

Use nearMinute() and atHour() :

const createTrigger = ([hour, minute])=>
  ScriptApp.newTrigger("myFunction")
  .timeBased()
  .atHour(hour)
  .nearMinute(minute)  
  .everyDays(1) 
  .create();

[[8,0],[12,30],[17,0]].forEach(createTrigger)

Answer 2

Although the TheMaster's answer is correct I would like to elaborate a little bit on an alternative approach which might be useful for future readers and different projects.

Let's say you have a list of specific times (24H:mm) you want to schedule every day:

var times = [[9,30],[9,45],[10,00],[12,00]] // 9:30 am, 9:45 am, 10:00 am 12:00pm

which can be completely random , following any sequence you like.

As you can see in the code below, you can run the setTrigger() function , to generate a scheduled trigger of another function function_Triggered() for each element in the aforementioned list. The trigger will have the time provided in times and the date of today .

If you want to perform this task everyday , then you just need to create a daily trigger for setTrigger() and run it before the earliest time in times . In this case, you are generating triggers everyday, and therefore deleteTriggers() is used to delete the previous (disabled) triggers for function_Triggered() that are attached to your project.

function setTrigger() {

deleteTriggers();  
var times = [[9,30],[9,45],[10,00],[12,00]]; // 9:30 am, 9:45 am, 10:00 am 12:00pm
times.forEach(t_el => scheduledTrigger(t_el[0],t_el[1]));
}

function scheduledTrigger(hours,minutes){
  
var today_D = new Date();  
var year = today_D.getFullYear();
var month = today_D.getMonth();
var day = today_D.getDate();
  
pars = [year,month,day,hours,minutes];
  
var scheduled_D = new Date(...pars);
var hours_remain=Math.abs(scheduled_D - today_D) / 36e5;
ScriptApp.newTrigger("function_Triggered")
.timeBased()
.after(hours_remain * 60 *60 * 1000)
.create()
}

function deleteTriggers() {
  
var triggers = ScriptApp.getProjectTriggers();
for (var i = 0; i < triggers.length; i++) {
  if (   triggers[i].getHandlerFunction() == "function_Triggered") {
    ScriptApp.deleteTrigger(triggers[i]);
  }
}
}

function function_Triggered() {
 // your function code here
}

Answer 3

soMario and TheMaster have working solutions, but unfortunately for my use case I needed some tighter tolerances than the + or - 15 minutes!! Which the google app script scheduler 'works' upon.

I used their very inaccurate scheduler to run the below function every 5 minutes. This function will check current time very accurately, it seems so far, and only run the next 'core' function within your desired hours and minutes. A simple if condition addition, using getDay() will add a day of week 'filter'.

function timeCheck() {
  var nowH=new Date().getHours();
  var nowM=new Date().getMinutes();
  Logger.log('Hour: '+nowH+'  Minute: '+nowM)

  if (nowH = 1 && nowM < 12) { getStatus() }
  if (nowH = 10 && (nowM > 15 && nowM < 27)) { getStatus() }

  return
}