Maven 测试不使用 Spring Boot 2.2 和 JUnit 5 运行 Cucumber 场景

Question

I am trying JUnit 5 and Cucumber at Spring Boot 2.2.6 and will need both BDD scenarios and unit tests at my application. I have created a dummy ping controller corresponding feature file which are OK.

Cucumber tests are not called when I run mvn clean test . Only JUnit test is called. However, I can run Cucumber scenarios from Intellij GUI when click on the Run Test button for CucumberTest.java .

Here are my classes:

DummyApplicationTests.java:

package com.a.dummy;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@SpringBootTest
@ActiveProfiles("test")
public class DummyApplicationTests {

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
    }

}

CucumberTest.java:

package com.a.dummy.bdd;

import io.cucumber.junit.Cucumber;
import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(features = "src/test/resources/features")
public class CucumberTest {
}

CucumberSpringContextConfiguration.java:

package com.a.dummy.bdd;

import com.a.dummy.DummyApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@ActiveProfiles("test")
@ContextConfiguration(classes = DummyApplication.class)
public abstract class CucumberSpringContextConfiguration {

}

PingTest.java:

package com.a.dummy.bdd.steps;

import com.a.dummy.bdd.CucumberSpringContextConfiguration;
import io.cucumber.java.en.And;
import io.cucumber.java.en.Then;
import io.cucumber.java.en.When;

public class PingTest extends CucumberSpringContextConfiguration {

    @When("^the client calls /ping")
    public void the_client_issues_GET_ping() {
        ...
    }

    @Then("^the client receives status code of (\\d+)$")
    public void the_client_receives_status_code_of(int statusCode) {
        ...
    }

    @And("^the client receives ping response")
    public void the_client_receives_ping_response_body() {
       ...
    }
}

What I am missing?

Answer 1

If you just upgraded to Spring 2.4.0 and maven doesn't run you integration tests, it's because:

Cucumber is based on JUnit 4. If you're using JUnit 5, remember to include junit-vintage-engine dependency, as well. For more information, please refer to JUnit 5 documentation.
Cucumber documentation

From Spring Boot 2.4.0 reference you can fix it as follows:

If you have tests that use JUnit 4, JUnit 5's vintage engine can be used to run them. To use the vintage engine, add a dependency on junit-vintage-engine, as shown in the following example:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
            <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

Answer 2

JUnit 5 支持尚未集成，我不得不包含 junit-vintage，因为 RunWith 是一个 Junit 4 注释。

Answer 3

A 2021 answer could be to add

<dependency>
  <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-junit-platform-engine</artifactId>
  <version>${cucumber.version}</version>
</dependency>

to your pom.xml file as this allows Cucumber to work with Junit 5. See also https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm/blob/main/junit-platform-engine/README.md for more ideas.

Answer 4

I have had the same issue with Spring boot 2.4.0 because it only supports JUnit 5, and seems like Cucumber only integrates with JUnit 4 (RunWith). Go back to Spring boot 2.3.6 (which has backwards compatibility with JUnit 4) solved the issue.

https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.3.6.RELEASE/reference/html/spring-boot-features.html#boot-features-testing

26.1. Test Scope Dependencies The spring-boot-starter-test “Starter” (in the test scope) contains the following provided libraries:

JUnit 5 (including the vintage engine for backward compatibility with JUnit 4): The de-facto standard for unit testing Java applications.