如何将此重复的 Azure DevOps 步骤拆分为可重用模板

Question

I have the following Azure DevOps template, which is currently hardcoded to some specific files. I'm hoping to refactor it into a simpler template using loops so I don't need to duplicate (and hardcode) specific files.

[ pseduo code for brevity ]

#tests.yml

steps:

  # pre-test steps. This is done once.

  - script: install tool1
  - script: install tool2
  - script: setup path stuff.

  # Tests
  - script: test project1 |
            display codecoverage to console-out
  - script: test project 2 |
            display codecoverage to console-out

  # Post-tests
  - script: upload coverage report for project1
  - script: upload coverage report for project2
  - task: PublishTestResults@2 # publish test results to Azure DevOps.

So notice how i'm doing this per project

• test project
• display codecoverage result to console-out (so i can see the results here)
• upload result to 3rd party website (for others to see also)

I was hoping there might be a way I can someone pass in the info into the template and then just loop through the array of input data.

like this..

steps:

  # pre tests.
  ...

  # tests
  foreach project in projects
    - script: test project |
              display code coverage report
    - script: upload report

  # post-test
  ...

can this be done in Azure DevOps?

-

Answer 1

Personally, maybe the keywords each is what you are looking for?

For sample:

azure-pipelines.yml

extends:
  template: template.yml
  parameters:
    buildArgs:  
      Arg1 : $(arg1-value)
      Arg2 : $(arg2-value)

template.yml

parameters:
- name: buildArgs 
  type: object
  default: [] 
stages:
  - stage: EachLoop
    displayName: Run Each extends
    jobs:
    - job: looping
      steps:
      - ${{ each arg in parameters.buildArgs }}:
        - bash: |
            echo ${{ arg.key }}
            echo ${{ arg.value }}
            echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=buildOther]${{ arg.value }}"
          displayName: ${{ arg.key }}
        - bash: |
            echo "buildstring=$(buildOther)"
          displayName: ECHO-${{ arg.key }}

---

For your scenario, just need put run test / display / upload steps in template.yml. Use each along with parameters to extend the template, so that you can achieve looping.