如何在 Laravel 7 中正确定义我的身份验证路由？

Question

I am new to laravel and i am trying to define my routes.And the logic is "/" routing to "/login" if the user is not authenticated and "/login" routing to login view blade.Down below are the routes.

Auth::routes();

Route::get('/clear-cache', function() {
    Artisan::call('cache:clear');
});

Route::get('login', function (){

    return view('auth/login');

});

Route::get('register', function (){

    if(Auth::check()){

        return view('home');

    }else{

        return view('auth/register');
    }

});

Route::get('/', function () {

    if(Auth::check()){

        return view('home');

    }else{

        return redirect('/login');

    }
});




Route::get('/home', 'HomeController@index')->name('home');

But i am keep getting this error "Route [login] not defined." and i can't see the problem.

Answer 1

If I add Auth::routes() in a fresh laravel 7 installation shows this on artisan route:list :

+--------+----------+------------------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+
| Domain | Method   | URI                    | Name             | Action                                                                 | Middleware   |
+--------+----------+------------------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+
|        | GET|HEAD | /                      |                  | Closure                                                                | web          |
|        | GET|HEAD | api/user               |                  | Closure                                                                | api,auth:api |
|        | GET|HEAD | login                  | login            | App\Http\Controllers\Auth\LoginController@showLoginForm                | web,guest    |
|        | POST     | login                  |                  | App\Http\Controllers\Auth\LoginController@login                        | web,guest    |
|        | POST     | logout                 | logout           | App\Http\Controllers\Auth\LoginController@logout                       | web          |
|        | GET|HEAD | password/confirm       | password.confirm | App\Http\Controllers\Auth\ConfirmPasswordController@showConfirmForm    | web,auth     |
|        | POST     | password/confirm       |                  | App\Http\Controllers\Auth\ConfirmPasswordController@confirm            | web,auth     |
|        | POST     | password/email         | password.email   | App\Http\Controllers\Auth\ForgotPasswordController@sendResetLinkEmail  | web          |
|        | GET|HEAD | password/reset         | password.request | App\Http\Controllers\Auth\ForgotPasswordController@showLinkRequestForm | web          |
|        | POST     | password/reset         | password.update  | App\Http\Controllers\Auth\ResetPasswordController@reset                | web          |
|        | GET|HEAD | password/reset/{token} | password.reset   | App\Http\Controllers\Auth\ResetPasswordController@showResetForm        | web          |
|        | GET|HEAD | register               | register         | App\Http\Controllers\Auth\RegisterController@showRegistrationForm      | web,guest    |
|        | POST     | register               |                  | App\Http\Controllers\Auth\RegisterController@register                  | web,guest    |
+--------+----------+------------------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+

You should then avoid defining the same routes again with a different implementation. Let Laravel doing the work for you.
As you can see, there are also already middlewares applied to these predefined routes. web in this scenario is not a middleware itself but a middleware group defined at app/Http/Kernel.php . Please see below for more info about middleware groups.

If you want to kind of "remove" the / -route from your project you can use a redirect route.
https://laravel.com/docs/7.x/routing#redirect-routes

So your route file should, after all, look like this:

Auth::routes();

Route::get('/clear-cache', function() {
    Artisan::call('cache:clear');
});

// this will let laravel automatically redirect again if already logged in
Route::permanentRedirect('/', '/login');

Route::get('/home', 'HomeController@index')->name('home');

The automation which will redirect you towards the /home -route is an interaction between app/Http/Middleware/RedirectIfAuthenticated.php and app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php .

Within the latter, you have an attribute defining your HOME

    /**
     * The path to the "home" route for your application.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    public const HOME = '/home';

If you have later more routes which should apply the auth() -middleware you have three ways to do that (or probably 4):

Please compare the following examples to this link:
https://laravel.com/docs/7.x/middleware#middleware-groups

As a general thing maybe a bit hard to see in the beginning, there is no difference between a controller route and those which use a closure function. The methods which can be used are the same for both implementations. Only the handling of the route within the application will be different.

For a single route which is needing a middleware, just add it to the end. This is applicable for controller routes as well as for closure routes.

Route::get('/', function () {
    //
})->middleware('web');
// ^^^^ is as possible as:
Route::get('/', 'Controller@Method')->middleware('web');

For multiple routes using the same middleware use the middleware method. It is possible to use multiple middlewares assigned as parts of the array.

Route::middleware(['web', 'subscribed'])->group(function () {
    //
});

If you still need more customization use the group() -method directly. Here you can define not only middleware but also for example a prefix for all enclosed routes

Route::group(['middleware' => ['web'], 'prefix'=>'admin'], function () {
    //
});

As the last option, you can add any middleware you want to either an existing middleware group or add your own middleware group within app/Http/Kernel.php? . But this will cause pretty strong integration hard to build an exception for if you want to go off track because everything within a middleware group is used all the time for every route this group is applied to.

Please do not mix Route groups with middleware groups as these are different things.

All of these examples were found in the docs for the 7th version, so they should be applicable also for your case.