awk 使用换行符分隔列值打印 $0

Question

Input:

"prefix_foo,prefix_bar"

Expected Output:

foo
bar

This is what I've so far.

$ echo "PREFIX_foo,PREFIX_bar" | awk '/PREFIX_/{x=gsub("PREFIX_", ""); print $0 }'
foo,bar

I'm unable to figure out how to print foo and bar separated by a newline. Thanks in advance!

EDIT:

• Length of input is unknown so there can be more than 2 words separated by comma.
• This question is more towards learning awk language, not alternative gnu utils.

Answer 1

You may not need awk for this. Here is pure bash solution:

s="prefix_foo,prefix_bar"
s="${s//prefix_/}"
s="${s//,/$'\n'}"
echo "$s"

foo
bar

Here is one liner gnu sed for the same:

sed 's/prefix_//g; s/,/\n/g' <<< "$s"

foo
bar

Answer 2

EDIT: 2nd solution Adding more generic solution here as per OP's comments, this will Look for every field and check if its having prefix then it will print that column's 2nd part(after _ one).

echo "prefix_foo,etc,bla,prefix_bar" | 
awk '
BEGIN{
  FS=OFS=","
}
{
  for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){
    if($i~/prefix/){
      split($i,array,"_")
      val=(val?val OFS:"")array[2]
    }
  }
  if(val){
    print val
  }
  val=""
}'

To print output field values in new line try:

echo "prefix_foo,etc,bla,prefix_bar" | 
awk '
BEGIN{
  FS=OFS=","
}
{
  for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){
    if($i~/prefix/){
      split($i,array,"_")
      print array[2]
    }
  }
}
'

---

---

1st solution: For simple case(specific to shown samples) could you please try following.

awk -F'[_,]' '/prefix_/{print $2,$4}'  Input_file

OR

echo "prefix_foo,prefix_bar" | awk -F'[_,]' '/prefix_/{print $2,$4}'

Answer 3

Just trying out awk

 echo "PREFIX_foo,PREFIX_bar" | awk -F, -v OFS="\n" '{gsub(/PREFIX_/,""); $1=$1}1'