如何在其他进程在后台运行时显示 PyQt5/PySide2 对话框

Question

Overview: I have a fairly large GUI program, built in PyQt5/PySide2 that performs a multitude of operations. Some processes are very quick and a few can take up to around a minute to complete. I had my program set up to display a sort of 'Please Wait...' dialog box for any process that took more than a second or so. I did this using the threading module in conjunction with the signals built into PyQt5/PySide2. While it worked fine, I found that I could not also run threading using concurrent.futures , because these threading modules did not function well together. concurrent.futures did not handle the signals and the threading was generally much slower when processing a multitude of functions back-to-back. So I take my pick when it is appropriate to use either one.

Problem: However, I started experiencing instances where, though the dialog box would appear, it would not display the text within the box, which usually was a message along the lines of "PLEASE WAIT, PROCESSING REQUEST". Essentially, the process of displaying the text was/is being held up until the underlying process finishes. After the process finishes, as long as the window isn't closed, it would then show the text.

Obstacle: In addition to the above described situation, I have re-written parts of the signal and dialog display classes, which on the surface, appear to function as expected and I have included the full code of a basic example. However, when I apply those exact methods to my larger program, it closes itself when it first begins to display the dialog box.

Question: I am wondering if I am missing a basic element or concept in this below example, which when applied to a much bigger program, possibly creates some issues for me. I am looking for the potential red flags in this example.

EDIT: When you run this example, click on the OK button to test the dialog box and threading. The 'main' box will disappear and only the dialog box should be displayed. After the 3 seconds are up, the dialog box disappears and another box appears. This closely resembles the actual functionality of my larger program. Essentially, when you start up you 'login' to the program, so the start menu disappears and then the actual program initializes and loads up. As you can see with this example, the box will display briefly then disappears and this is what happens in my program. A user logs in, but then within a second of logging in, the program closes. I have tried variations on how to get the window to load. The one listed below actually displays it at least, but other methods I've used will just result in a QApplication::exec: Must be called from the main thread error. I've tried a few other methods and listed them below, though obviously none of them work.

import sys
from PySide2 import QtWidgets, QtCore
import PySide2
import time
import threading

def startThread(functionName, *args, **kwargs):
    startThread.t = threading.Thread(target=functionName)
    startThread.t.daemon = True
    startThread.t.start()

class UserInput(object):
    def setupUi(self, get_user_input=None):
        # Basic shape
        self.width = 175
        get_user_input.setObjectName("get_user_input")
        get_user_input.resize(175, self.width)

        # Grid layout for the buttons
        self.buttonLayoutGrid = QtWidgets.QWidget(get_user_input)
        self.buttonLayoutGrid.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 115, 155, 50))
        self.buttonLayoutGrid.setObjectName("buttonLayoutGrid")
        self.buttonLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.buttonLayoutGrid)
        self.buttonLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.buttonLayout.setObjectName("buttonLayout")
        self.buttonLayout.setAlignment(PySide2.QtCore.Qt.AlignLeft|PySide2.QtCore.Qt.AlignVCenter)
        # Buttons
        self.buttonOK = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.buttonLayoutGrid)
        self.buttonOK.setObjectName("buttonOK")
        self.buttonOK.setText("OK")

class FakeBox(PySide2.QtWidgets.QDialog):

    def __init__(self):
        super(FakeBox, self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.buttonProcessCompleted.clicked.connect(self.close)

    def setupUi(self, box_details):
        box_details.setObjectName("box_details")
        box_details.resize(500, 89)
        self.labelProcessStatus = QtWidgets.QLabel(box_details)
        self.labelProcessStatus.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 0, 221, 51))
        self.labelProcessStatus.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.labelProcessStatus.setWordWrap(True)
        self.labelProcessStatus.setObjectName("labelProcessStatus")
        self.buttonProcessCompleted = QtWidgets.QPushButton(box_details)
        self.buttonProcessCompleted.setEnabled(False)
        self.buttonProcessCompleted.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 60, 111, 23))
        self.buttonProcessCompleted.setObjectName("buttonProcessCompleted")
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(box_details)

class FUNCTION_RUN(PySide2.QtWidgets.QDialog):
    display_dialog_window = PySide2.QtCore.Signal(str)
    display_process_complete = PySide2.QtCore.Signal(str)
    process_complete_no_msg = PySide2.QtCore.Signal()

    def __init__(self):
        super(FUNCTION_RUN, self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.buttonProcessCompleted.clicked.connect(self.close)

    def setupUi(self, functionRunning):
        functionRunning.setObjectName("functionRunning")
        functionRunning.resize(234, 89)
        self.labelProcessStatus = QtWidgets.QLabel(functionRunning)
        self.labelProcessStatus.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 0, 221, 51))
        self.labelProcessStatus.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.labelProcessStatus.setWordWrap(True)
        self.labelProcessStatus.setObjectName("labelProcessStatus")
        self.buttonProcessCompleted = QtWidgets.QPushButton(functionRunning)
        self.buttonProcessCompleted.setEnabled(False)
        self.buttonProcessCompleted.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 60, 111, 23))
        self.buttonProcessCompleted.setObjectName("buttonProcessCompleted")
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(functionRunning)

    def show_msg(self, msg_text=None):
        self.setWindowTitle("RUNNING")
        self.labelProcessStatus.setText(msg_text)
        self.setModal(False)
        self.show()

    def process_complete(self, msg_text=None):
        self.setWindowTitle("FINISHED")
        self.labelProcessStatus.setText(msg_text)
        self.buttonProcessCompleted.setText('OK')
        self.buttonProcessCompleted.setEnabled(True)
        self.setModal(False)
        self.show()

    def process_finished(self):
        self.hide()

class UserInputPrompt(PySide2.QtWidgets.QDialog, UserInput):

    def __init__(self):
        super(UserInputPrompt, self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.buttonOK.clicked.connect(self.scoreMass)

    def some_more_text(self):
        print('Some more...')

    def scoreMass(self):
        startThread(MASTER.UI.display_msg)

    def display_msg(self):
        def dialog():
            MASTER.UI.hide()
            m = ' Processing things...'
            MASTER.processing_window.display_dialog_window.emit(m)
            MASTER.UI.some_more_text()
            time.sleep(3)
            MASTER.Second_UI.show()
            MASTER.processing_window.process_complete_no_msg.emit()    

        dialog()    

class MASTER(object):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MASTER, self).__init__()
        MASTER.UI = UserInputPrompt()
        MASTER.Second_UI = FakeBox()
        MASTER.processing_window = FUNCTION_RUN()
        MASTER.processing_window.display_dialog_window.connect(MASTER.processing_window.show_msg)
        MASTER.processing_window.display_process_complete.connect(MASTER.processing_window.process_complete)
        MASTER.processing_window.process_complete_no_msg.connect(MASTER.processing_window.process_finished)
        MASTER.UI.show()
        app.exec_()

def main(): 
    MASTER()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    global app
    app = PySide2.QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    main()

Answer 1

The line where you have MASTER.Second_UI.show() Is probably where you're getting held up. You created an instance in your main thread, which is good, but you'll need to create a signal in that class that you can emit the show() method. Make the FakeBox class look like this:

class FakeBox(PySide2.QtWidgets.QDialog):
    show_new_prompt = PySide2.QtCore.Signal()

    def __init__(self):
        super(FakeBox, self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.buttonProcessCompleted.clicked.connect(self.close)

And then in your MASTER class look like this:

class MASTER(object):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MASTER, self).__init__()
        MASTER.UI = UserInputPrompt()
        MASTER.Second_UI = FakeBox()
        MASTER.Second_UI.show_new_prompt.connect(MASTER.Second_UI.show)
        # Keeping everything after this line

And then lastly, in your display_msg() function, change it to this:

def display_msg(self):
    def dialog():
        MASTER.UI.hide()
        m = ' Processing things...'
        MASTER.processing_window.display_dialog_window.emit(m)
        MASTER.UI.some_more_text()
        time.sleep(3)
        MASTER.processing_window.process_complete_no_msg.emit()    
        MASTER.Second_UI.show_new_prompt.emit()

    dialog()     

This should follow the progression as you described and will keep the last window displayed at the end.