如何在运行时重新加载 ES6 模块？

Question

Prior to ES6 modules, it was (I'm told by other Stack answers) easy to force a JS script to be reloaded, by deleting its require cache:

delete require.cache[require.resolve('./mymodule.js')]

However, I can't find an equivalent for ES6 modules loaded via import .

That might be enough to make this question clear, but just in case, here's a simplified version of the code. What I have is a node server running something like:

-- look.mjs -- 
var look = function(user) { console.log(user + " looks arond.") }
export { look };

-- parser.mjs -- 
import { look } from './look.mjs';

function parse(user, str) {
    if (str == "look") return look(user);
}

What I want is to be able to manually change the look.mjs file (eg to fix a misspelled word), trigger a function that causes look.mjs to be reimported during runtime, such that parse() returns the new value without having to restart the node server.

I tried changing to dynamic import, like this:

-- parser.mjs -- 
function parse(user, str) {
    if (str == "look") {
        import('./look.mjs').then(m => m.look(user))
    }
}

This doesn't work either. (I mean, it does, but it doesn't reload look.mjs each time it's called, just on the first time) And I'd prefer to keep using static imports if possible.

Also, in case this is not clear, this is all server side. I'm not trying to pass a new module to the client, just get one node module to reload another node module.

Answer 1

I don't know what the reason behind doing this, I think this is not safe to change the context of modules at runtime and cause unexpected behaviors and this is one of the reasons that Deno came to.

If you want to run some code evaluation at runtime you can use something like this using vm: https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v16.x/docs/api/vm.html

Answer 2

You could try using nodemon to dynamically refresh when you make code changes

https://www.npmjs.com/package/nodemon

Answer 3

I agree with @tarek-salem that it's better to use vm library. But there is another way to solve your problem. There is no way to clear the dynamic import cache which you use in question (btw there is a way to clear the common import cache because require and common import has the same cache and the dynamic import has its own cache). But you can use require instead of dynamic import. To do it first create require in parser.mjs

import Module from "module";
const require = Module.createRequire(import.meta.url);  

Then you have 2 options:

1. Easier: convert look.mjs into commonjs format (rename it look.cjs and use module.exports ).

2. If want to make it possible to either import AND require look.mjs you should create the npm package with package.json

    { "main": "./look.cjs", "type": "commonjs" }

In this case in parser.mjs you will be able to use require('look') and in other files import('look') or import * as look from 'look' .