如何在 Ruby/Rails 中显示 session 变量的值？

Question

First I don't know if I'm declaring a session variable correctly. Also, I put it in the application controller, because I know it will run. If there is a better place to put this, then please let me know. The desired outcome is a user selects the team they want all their work to save to during the session. Then when objects are saved they use the session variable:current_team instead of:current_user. By default on creation a team will be created for each new user. That is why I'm querying for the first team for each user. During the session I plan for the user to select the team they are working/contributing for and the selection persist until they change it.

application_controller.rb

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  before_action :authenticate_user!
  before_action :set_current_team

  def set_current_team
    return unless session[:current_team]
    session[:current_team] = Team.first.where(user_id: current_user).id
  end


end

index.html.erb

<p><%= session[:current_team] %></p>

output

Processing by PagesController#index as HTML
  User Load (0.4ms)  SELECT  "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."id" = $1 ORDER BY "users"."id" ASC LIMIT $2  [["id", 1], ["LIMIT", 1]]
  ↳ /home/dev/.rbenv/versions/2.5.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activerecord-5.2.3/lib/active_record/log_subscriber.rb:98
  Rendering pages/index.html.erb within layouts/application
  Rendered pages/index.html.erb within layouts/application (0.5ms)
  Rendered shared/_navigation.html.erb (2.9ms)
Completed 200 OK in 172ms (Views: 168.3ms | ActiveRecord: 0.4ms)

My models are Team, User, and a join table Team_member. team_member.rb

  belongs_to :user
  belongs_to :team
  belongs_to :role
end

team.rb

  has_many :team_members
  has_many :users, through: :team_members
  has_many :roles, through: :team_members
end

Answer 1

Once you have session[:current_team] , you can save it to a variable in any controller. Say for instance in the teams controller, you can do: @current_team = session[:current_team] . Then in the view you can use @current_team .

Answer 2

I assume one user can be part of multiple teams and (obviously) one team has many users, your relation would be roughly like this

class User < ApplicationRecord
  has_and_belongs_to_many :teams
end

class Team < ApplicationRecord
  has_and_belongs_to_many :users
end

You are already in right direction but I made little changed to set_current_team and added accessor method to get current team instance.

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  before_action :authenticate_user!
  before_action :set_current_team

  helper_method :current_team

  def set_current_team
    return unless session[:current_team]
    session[:current_team] = current_user.teams.first.id
  end

  def current_team
    @_team ||= Team.find(session[:current_team])
  end
end

The current_team method uses memoization technique to cache the current team during the request so that if you call current_team multiple times during a request, it will not call the DB again to get the team record.

I strongly recommend to read this article 4 Simple Memoization Patterns in Ruby .

Also notice helper_method macro above the set_current_team which makes this helper method available to your view as well.

so following will work on your index

<p><%= current_team %></p>

as well as across all controllers as all controllers inherits from ApplicationController

Answer 3

update set_current_team method to

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  before_action :authenticate_user!
  before_action :set_current_team

  # only set the session[:current_team] if it is nil (when user login)
  def set_current_team
    session[:current_team] ||= current_user.teams.first.id
  end

  # to access current_team
  def current_team
    @current_team ||= Team.find(session[:current_team])
  end
end

set session[:current_team] to user selected team id in controller#action that handles the request

set session[:current_team] to nil when user logout