有人可以向我解释这个奇怪的 Python for loop 吗？

Question

I was occupied on a project and I found a code that was perfectly what I was searching for, but there are parts that I don't understand could some of you explain me it please? This is the code that I found:

from pynput import keyboard
from pynput.keyboard import Controller

keypress = Controller()

COMBINATIONS = [
    {keyboard.KeyCode(char='a'), keyboard.KeyCode(char='z')},
]

current = set()

def execute():
    for loop in range(0, 10):
        keypress.press('w')
        keypress.release('w')

def on_press(key):
    if any([key in COMBO for COMBO in COMBINATIONS]): # THIS PART
        current.add(key)
        print(current)
        if any(all(k in current for k in COMBO) for COMBO in COMBINATIONS): #THIS PART
           execute()

def on_release(key):
    if any([key in COMBO for COMBO in COMBINATIONS]): #THIS PART
        current.remove(key)

    with keyboard.Listener(on_press=on_press, on_release=on_release) as listener:
        listener.join()

I commented the parts that I don't understand with #THIS PART commend Thanks for helping:)

Answer 1

The answer to this question can be divided into two parts:

1. List Comprehension:

First, list comprehension: which is a way to write a for loop in just one line. So, instead of writing:

result = []
for COMBO in COMBINATIONS:
    result.append(key in COMBO)

You can write it in one line like so:

result = [key in COMBO for COMBO in COMBINATIONS]

As you can see, result is a list of boolean values... either True or False . Which brings the second part;

2. any() function

The second part is the function any() . This function returns True if one of the given items in True . And False if non of the given items is True .

---

So, the answer to your question is that this part:

any([key in COMBO for COMBO in COMBINATIONS])

It checks if the key exists in any of COMBO of the given COMBINATION .

Hope this answers your question!

Answer 2

I understood better when I tried to apply it in a easy code. Thanks for your great explanation:)

import os
Passwords = ["abcd", "efgh"]
inpt = input()


for List in Passwords:
    if (inpt in List) == True:
        print("Correct password! : True!")
        os.startfile('Chrome.exe')


if any([inpt in List for List in Passwords]):
    print("Correct password! : True!")
    os.startfile('Chrome.exe')