重写 npm 脚本以兼容 windows cmd

Question

I'm trying to run a script from a tutorial that was written for a linux command line but I'm running into errors when converting it into something compatible with windows. This is the the line from the article:

"build": "cd react-spa && yarn build && cd .. && cp -R react-spa/build/ public/ && mv public/index.html public/app.html"

and this is what I have

cd client && yarn build && cd .. && xcopy client/build/ public/ /E && ren public/index.html app.html

This is the error message I get in the terminal

Invalid number of parameters npm ERR. code ELIFECYCLE npm ERR. errno 4 npm ERR: api@0.0.0 build. `cd client && yarn build && cd.. && xcopy client/build/ public/ /E && ren public/index.html app.html` npm ERR. Exit status 4 npm ERR. npm ERR: Failed at the api@0:0.0 build script. npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above. npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in: npm ERR! C:\Users\user\AppData\Roaming\npm-cache\_logs\2020-05-01T05_29_54_552Z-debug.log

What am I doing wrong here?

Answer 1

Redefine your build script in package.json as follows:

"build": "cd react-spa && yarn build && cd .. && xcopy /e/h/y/q \"react-spa/build\" \"public\\\" > nul 2>&1 && del \"public\\app.html\" > nul 2>&1 && ren \"public\\index.html\" \"app.html\""

_{Note: The aforementioned npm script assumes that you are running Windows and the default shell being utilized by npm scripts is cmd.exe .}

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Explanation:

The following changes were made to match the same behaviour as the original npm build script (ie the one that written using *nix commands):

1. The following cp command:

    cp -R react-spa/build/ public/

   has been refined to utilize the xcopy command as follows:

    xcopy /e/h/y/q \"react-spa/build\" \"public\\\" > nul 2>&1

   Options:

   • /e - Copy folders and subfolders, including empty folders.
   • /h - Copy hidden and system files and folders.
   • /y - Suppress prompt to confirm overwriting a file.
   • /q - Do not display file names while copying.

   Notes:

   • Each pathname has been encased in JSON escaped double quotes, ie \"...\"

   • The public\\ part has a trailing backslash ( \ ), which has been JSON escaped ( \\ ), to inform xcopy that the destination is a directory. This also ensures the public directory is created if it doesn't already exist.

   • The > nul 2>&1 part suppresses the confirmation log that states how many files were copied.

2. The following mv command:

    mv public/index.html public/app.html

   has been refined to utilize both del and ren commands as follows:

    del \"public\\app.html\" > nul 2>&1 && ren \"public\\index.html\" \"app.html\"

   Notes:

   • We firstly attempt to delete the app.html file to ensure the subsequent ren command can rename the index.html file to app.html without any conflict due to a duplicate file already existing.

     We redirect using > nul 2>&1 to ensure we prevent any log when the app.html file cannot be found, ie when it can't be found during the first run of the build script.

   • Each pathname has been encased in JSON escaped double quotes, ie \"...\" .
   • The public\\index.html parts, in both del and ren commands, use a backslash separator ( \ ), which has been JSON escaped ( \\ ). instead of a forward slash ( / ).

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