有人可以解释 Javascript 中的.indexOf() 的逻辑吗？

Question

function vowelsAndConsonants(s) {
    var vowels = ['a','e','i','o','u'];

    for(let i =0; i<s.length; i++){
        if(vowels.indexOf(s[i]) > -1 ){
            console.log(s[i]);
        }
    }

    for(let j = 0; j<s.length; j++){
      if(vowels.indexOf(s[j]) < 0){
          console.log(s[j]);
      }
    }
}

The code above prints out the vowels and then consonants of an input.

I have troubles understanding how .indexOf() specifically works in this case.

I understand that .indexOf() searches array and returns the position of an element you're looking for, but why does the following condition if(vowels.indexOf(s[i]) > -1) only returns vowels?

• To my understanding if .indexOf() returns -1 it means that no match was found. In the case, would if(vowels.indexOf(s[i]) > -1) mean that if a match is found we should execute the code, since it is greater than -1?
• Again, in that case if(vowels.indexOf(s[j]) < 0) would then mean that if a match is not found execute whatever is inside the if statement.

Could somebody kindly explain the logic and give a simple example? I think I'm getting the logic, but at the same time I think I'm not.

Answer 1

indexOf function searches in the array of vowels.

If it finds a value it will return it's index, so the result will be greater than -1.

And if it doesn't find it, the result will be -1.

But it's better to use
if(vowels.indexOf(s[j]) === -1) instead of
if(vowels.indexOf(s[j]) < 0)

Answer 2

Unless you also actually need to know an indexOf result in order to do something with it, in modern JS it is preferable to use .includes() rather than testing against -1 or 0.

.includes() is simply more legible