eval 中的错误（predvars、data、env）：object 'Example' not found in RandomForest function

Question

Im just playing with a Random Forest, but I seem to have an issue. When I try use the randomForest() function, it returns the error: Error in eval(predvars, data, env): object '180018R' not found . Here are the latest (relevant) lines of code, followed by the structure() output.

install.packages("randomForest")

# Random forest

data <- as.data.frame(pattern_mat)
str(data)

# Response variable is "Response" Column 313
data$Response <- as.factor(data$Response)
table(data$Response)

### Data Partition
set.seed(123)
ind <- sample(2, nrow(data), replace=TRUE, prob=(c(0.7, 0.3)))
train <- data[ind==1,]
test <- data[ind==2,]

### Random Forest
library(randomForest)
set.seed(222)
rf <- randomForest(Response~., data = train)

Structure info *I have shortened the output as it is unnecessary.

> str(train)
'data.frame':   145 obs. of  313 variables:
 $ 180018R : num  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ 217220R : num  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ 217300R : num  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ 281722R : num  0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 ...
 $ 681714R : num  0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 ...
 $ 281730R : num  0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 ...
 $ 681715R : num  0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 ...
 $ 411113  : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 ...
 $ 478105  : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 ...
     :        :   : : : : : : : : : :
     :        :   : : : : : : : : : :
     :        :   : : : : : : : : : :
 $ 641112  : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ 641170  : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ 641370  : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ 641611  : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ 645342  : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
  [list output truncated]

So as you can see the error: Error in eval(predvars, data, env): object '180018R' not found mentioned 180018R which is the name of the first column.

Anyone knows what to do?

Answer 1

As best as I can tell, the issue is with the columns' names starting with numbers, which is not the best practice in R (although allowed), and I guess randomForest is not correctly handling it with the ~. syntax.

Try to rename all of the columns so that they start with some generic letter like V and then see if your function now works. Here is a reproducible example that demonstrates this.

set.seed(1)
data <- data.frame(x = rbinom(100, 1, 0.5))
data$`180018R` <- data$x
data$x <- NULL
data$Response <- as.factor(rbinom(100, 1, 0.2))
table(data$Response)

### Demonstrating error
library(randomForest)
set.seed(222)
rf <- randomForest(Response~., data = data)
# Produces error as in the original example
# Fixing the issue by adding a character to the column names except response
data2 <- data
response_col <- which(colnames(data2) == "Response")
colnames(data2)[-response_col] <- paste0( "V", colnames(data2)[-response_col])
set.seed(222)
rf <- randomForest(Response ~ ., data = data2)
# Runs with no issue