将 Kivy/Python 应用程序捆绑到一个易于安装的 Mac 应用程序文件中

Question

I have been writing a graphical data management app in Python/Kivy for MacOS, and when I am done, I would like the end user to be able to install it without touching the command line. The computers that it is intended for already have python, but not Kivy. I was wondering what the easiest approach would be, perhaps an installer that would just execute 'pip install kivy' in the command line, or a python file using the OS module that installs it, or maybe pyinstaller. Thanks!

Answer 1

This is actually mentioned in the Kivy documentation here . Read more for customizing your install.

Prerequisites

For a basic install, you first need to install PyInstaller and Cython. Do this with pip3 install PyInstaller, Cython .

Bugs

There is a bug in setuptools that causes PyInstaller to not work. You need to have a version of setuptools less than 45.0.0 to work. To do this, run the following command pip3 install --upgrade setuptools==44.1.1 . Finally, you are ready to package

Creating *.spec file

PyInstaller works off of a *.spec file. To create this, as said by the Kivy documentation, run the following command:

pyinstaller -y --clean --windowed --name <the name of the *.app> \
  --exclude-module _tkinter \
  --exclude-module Tkinter \
  --exclude-module enchant \
  --exclude-module twisted \
  /path/to/main/program.py

Remember to replace <the name of the *.app> with what you want the name of the *.app to be, and /path/to/main/program.py with the path to your main python program file. The path can be relative too. This will take a bit, but will produce a file with an extension of a *.spec, which you will use to customize the app, create a directory called build , which you can delete, and create a directory called dist . Inside the dist directory, you will find your application.

Debugging

If when you open your app it immediately closes, you have an error. To find out what it is, find the app in Finder, right-click it, and select "Show Package Contents```. Go inside a folder called "Contents", then inside a folder called "MacOS", in which you will see a lot of files. Find a file with a little "exec" icon on it with the name of the *.app file. Double-click this. This will bring up a terminal window with errors and console output. Copy-paste the error into Google, which should help, and also feel free to comment it here, and I will try to check it out!