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Question

I am trying to remove some items from a string list in c++. The code compiles successfully but at runtime it gives " Segmentation fault (core dumped) " error. I have abstracted the code as follows.

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    //a string list
    list<string> entries;

    //add some entries into the list
    entries.push_back("one");
    entries.push_back("two");
    entries.push_back("three");
    entries.push_back("four");

    //pass over the list and delete a matched entry
    list<string>::iterator i = entries.begin();
    while(i != entries.end())
    {
        if(*i=="two")
            entries.erase(i);   // *** this line causes the error ***
        i++;
    }

    //print the result
    for(const string &entry : entries)
        cout<<entry<<"\n";
    return 0;
}

Answer 1

std::list<T,Allocator>::erase invalidates the iterator to the erased element, ie i . After that the operation like i++ leads to UB.

You can assign it to the return value of erase , which is iterator following the removed element.

while(i != entries.end())
{
    if(*i=="two")
        i = entries.erase(i);
    else
        i++;
}

Answer 2

Erased iterators are invalidated. For your convenience, list::erase returns next past erased:

if(*i == "two") i = list.erase(i);
else ++i;

Answer 3

you can just "remove" the element, no need for iterators, but if you use it, then be aware that erase invalidates the iterator..

#include <iostream>
#include <list>

int main ()
{
  //a string list
    std::list<std::string> entries;

    //add some entries into the list
    entries.push_back("one");
    entries.push_back("two");
    entries.push_back("three");
    entries.push_back("four");
    entries.push_back("two");

    entries.remove("two");
    std::cout<<entries.size() << std::endl;

  return 0;
}