你如何 pivot 使用 sql 或 t-sql 将某些列转换为行

Question

Here is the table

Income|Expenses|Other|Department|Date

 2k   |      4k|  .5k|Marketing |2014-05-28
 52k  |      7k|  .1k|Sales     |2014-04-01

Result

Description|Value|Department|Date

 Income    |   2k|Marketing |2014-05-28
 Expenses  |   4k|Marketing |2014-05-28
 Other     |  .5k|Marketing |2014-05-28
 Income    |  52k|Sales     |2014-04-01
 Expenses  |   7k|Sales     |2014-04-01
 Other     |  .1k|Sales     |2014-04-01

Actually, I can use SELECT + UNION to get the result but the requirement is to use Pivot.

How to get this result using PIVOT function?

Answer 1

You can unpivot your values via a Cross Apply

Select B.*
      ,A.Department
      ,A.Date
 From  YourTable A
 Cross Apply ( values ('Income'  ,Income  )
                     ,('Expences',Expenses)
                     ,('Other'   ,Other   )
             ) B(Description,Value)

Answer 2

You can use apply :

select tt.Description, tt.Value, t.Department, t.Date
from table t cross apply
     ( values ('Income', Income), ('Expenses', Expenses), ('Other', Other) 
     ) tt(Description, Value);

Answer 3

you can use UNPIVOT

DECLARE @SampleData TABLE (Income VARCHAR(20), Expenses VARCHAR(20), Other VARCHAR(20), Department VARCHAR(20), Date [Date])
INSERT INTO @SampleData VALUES
('2k ', '4k','.5k','Marketing','2014-05-28'),
('52k', '7k','.1k','Sales    ','2014-04-01')

SELECT Description, Value, Department, Date 
FROM @SampleData T
UNPIVOT ([Value] FOR [Description] IN ([Income], [Expenses], [Other])) AS UNPVT

Result:

Description       Value                Department           Date
----------------- -------------------- -------------------- ----------
Income            2k                   Marketing            2014-05-28
Expenses          4k                   Marketing            2014-05-28
Other             .5k                  Marketing            2014-05-28
Income            52k                  Sales                2014-04-01
Expenses          7k                   Sales                2014-04-01
Other             .1k                  Sales                2014-04-01

Answer 4

Just for fun , here is a little technique to "dynamically" unpivot your data without Dynamic SQL or declaring all the columns.

Example

Select Description = B.[Key]
      ,B.Value
      ,A.Department
      ,A.Date
 From  YourTable A
 Cross Apply ( Select [Key]
                      ,Value
               From OpenJson( ( Select A.* for JSON Path,Without_Array_Wrapper)   )  
               Where [Key] not in ('Department','Date')
             ) B

Returns

Description Value   Department  Date
Income      2k      Marketing   2014-05-28
Expenses    4k      Marketing   2014-05-28
Other       .5k     Marketing   2014-05-28
Income      52k     Sales       2014-04-01
Expenses    7k      Sales       2014-04-01
Other       .1k     Sales       2014-04-01