如何在 django 模型数据库中保存带有已发布用户的表单

Question

I have created the login,authenticate,logout system, now I want to add a post functionality that saves the data in the Tweet model.

views.py

from .models import NameForm
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, get_object_or_404

def home(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        form = NameForm(initial={'tweetedby':request.user.id}, datarequest.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save()
            return  redirect('home')
    else:
        form = NameForm()

    return render(request,'home.html',{"form":form} )

i am using the inbuild forms framework for the post request

home.html

<form method="post" novalidate>
            {% csrf_token %}
            {{ form }}
            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
    </form>

forms.html

from django.forms import  ModelForm
from django import forms

from .models import  Tweet


class NameForm(ModelForm):
    tweet = forms.CharField(label="tweet",max_length="50")


    def clean_tweet(self):
        data = self.cleaned_data["tweet"]
        return data

    class Meta:
        model = Tweet
        fields = ("tweet",)

when the user tweets i am getting the tweet and and the datetime form the tweet.but i want to access the tweeted_by user from the post request,

model.py

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class Tweet(models.Model):
    tweet = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    tweetedtime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    tweetedby = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)


    def __str__(self):
        return self.tweet

I get the error

null value in column "tweetedby_id" violates not-null constraint DETAIL: Failing row contains (12, hi, 2020-06-07 09:55:20.482599+00, null)

The tweeted_by coloumb gets the null value without the USER id

Answer 1

Simply set this in the view:

from django.contrib.auth.decorators import 


def home(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = NameForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
        if form.is_valid():
            form  # set user
            form.save()
            return redirect('home')
    else:
        form = NameForm()
    return render(request,'home.html', {'form':form})

The form should not contain any tweetedby field:

class NameForm(ModelForm):
    tweet = forms.CharField(label='tweet', max_length=50)

    class Meta:
        model = Tweet
        fields = ('tweet',)

in the model you can make the tweetedby field non-editable,, such that it does not appear by default in the form:

from django.conf import settings
from django.db import models

class Tweet(models.Model):
    tweet = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    tweetedtime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    tweetedby = models.ForeignKey(
        ,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        
    )

A tweet has a maximum length of 280 characters, so perhaps 50 is too low.

Note : You can limit views to a view to authenticated users with the @login_required decorator [Django-doc] .