不理解 python 错误使用 tkinter 回调 lambda

Question

I am using a lambda in a tkinter callback. It produces the correct result but throws an error. An error I do not understand and have not been able to isolate and eliminate. The goal is to get two user inputs via Entry widgets, the second one has a trace on it. The trace takes the two Entry widgets and calculates the mark up (100*((var1-var2)/var2)) returning that value. The Form shows the mark up correctly but I also get an error and I want to eliminate that error. The error indicates it is is expecting a DoubleVar and is getting ''. All three variables are DoubleVar (var1, var2, mu). I am down to it having something to do with self but I do not understand enough to be able to get to the finish line. Any suggestions or pointers would be greatly appreciated.

from tkinter import *

def var2_callback(var1, var2, mu):
    #print('var1: %d' % var1.get())
    #print('var2: %d' % var2.get())
    #print('mu: %d' % mu.get())
    markup = var1.get() * var2.get()
    mu.set(markup)
    #print('times: %d' % mu.get())
    return()


def do_something():
    mu = DoubleVar(value=0)
    root.grid_columnconfigure((0,1,2,3,4,5), weight=1)
    root.grid_rowconfigure((0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10), weight=1)
    cf = Frame(root)
    cf.grid(row=0, column=2)

    lbl1 = Label(cf, textvariable=mu)
    lbl1.grid(row=0, column=2)

    var1 = DoubleVar(value=0)
    e1 = Entry(cf, textvariable=var1)
    e1.grid(row=2, column=2)

    var2 = DoubleVar(value=0)
    var2.trace('w',lambda name, index, mode, var2=var2: var2_callback(var1,var2,mu))
    e2 = Entry(cf, textvariable=var2)
    e2.grid(row=3, column=2)


root = Tk()
root.geometry("1000x600+0+0")
do_something()
root.mainloop()

The error I get is:

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/tkinter/__init__.py", line 1705, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "for_entry.py", line 28, in <lambda>
var2.trace('w',lambda name, index, mode, mu=mu: var2_callback(var1,var2,mu))
  File "for_entry.py", line 7, in var2_callback
markup = var1.get() * var2.get()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/tkinter/__init__.py", line 529, in get
    return self._tk.getdouble(self._tk.globalgetvar(self._name)_tkinter.TclError: expected floating-point number but got ""

I am wanting to eliminate the error. I know if I comment out the mu.set line I can eliminate the error (and the mu calc...). I do not understand what rule I am breaking in passing back the mu result.

*** UPDATE

The problem is that some how the trace callback is called twice. The first time var2 is empty even with var2 being set to 0. The second time through it works. Trying to figure out why var2 is empty on the first time through. I have verified this by adding print statements at the beginning of the callback function. I have tried to avoid the problem by setting var2 (var2.set(0)) at the beginning of the callback function - that avoids the problem but obviously prevents the function from preforming the calculation. I can not figure out how to use an 'if' statement to test var2. 'if var2.get() == None: or if var2.get().= None or if var2.get() > 0' all result in the same error that var2 is '' and was expected to be a DoubleVar? Is this problem caused by using a function and not a Class?

Answer 1

Thank you acw1668 for pointing me in the direction of being able to mask the issue using try/except. That allowed me to hide the error on the trace. The trace was firing on the decimal (as in.5) and that created an illegal calculation (. times something makes no sense). That in turn led me to using a bind (bind on the Tab key, UP arrow, down arrow) on the Event not the variable and that worked out much better.