使用 Window 使 TextCtrl 缩放

Question

I've just gotten into wxpython for Python 3.6 and I've hit a roadblock. I just can't work out how to make elements/widgets scale with the screen, I know you have to use sizers but that's about it. I'm still fairly new to programming so just reading the documentation didn't help. If someone could just sample some code that works I'd be very thankful as I could then read through it and work out what I was doing wrong, The code that draws out the GUI I want to scale with window size is below, the key idea is that the TextCtrl scales. other elements don't really need scaling.

def createGUI(self):
        panel = wx.Panel(self)
        menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
        
        menuButton = wx.Menu()
        newItem = wx.MenuItem(menuButton, wx.ID_NEW, 'New Note\tCtrl+N')
        delItem = wx.MenuItem(menuButton, wx.ID_DELETE, 'Delete Note\tCtrl+Backspace')
        saveItem = wx.MenuItem(menuButton, wx.ID_SAVE, 'Save\tCtrl+S')
        exitItem = wx.MenuItem(menuButton, wx.ID_EXIT, 'Quit\tCtrl+Q')
        
        
        menuButton.Append(newItem)
        menuButton.Append(saveItem)
        menuButton.Append(delItem)
        menuButton.Append(exitItem)

        
        menuBar.Append(menuButton, 'Menu')
        self.SetMenuBar(menuBar)
        
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.new, newItem)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.delete, delItem)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.save, saveItem)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onExit, exitItem)
        
        self.noteText = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
        self.noteText.AppendText(self.notecontent)
        
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE, self.onExit)
        self.SetTitle(f'Welcome {self.username}! You are working on {self.notepath}')
        self.Centre()
        self.Show(True)

Answer 1

To begin with it's best to equate sizers to something familiar and I usually think of storage boxes or a chest of drawers.
When we define widgets, they are all dumped into a container, the parent object, often the ubiquitous self or self.panel .
If we do not assign a size and pos to each item, it's just a jumbled mess, a pile of widgets.
The sizer , there are many types, are the virtual drawers in our chest of drawers, that herds this pile of widgets into order.
The widgets are assigned to the appropriate sizer , note sizers can go into other sizers, and eventually when everything has been assigned a place or drawer in our chest of drawers, the sizers do their magic, arranging and sizing all of widgets into a coherent screen for display or arranging the drawers contents and relative positions in the chest of drawers.
Below, I've used the simplest sizer a boxsizer.
One will arrange things vertically and the other horizontally.
The horizontal sizer is for the buttons and the vertical sizer, will be the main sizer, into which I place not only the TectCtrl but also the buttons, prearranged in their horizontal sizer.
For a better and more comprehensive description of sizers and their controls see: https://docs.wxpython.org/sizers_overview.html and for details on the actual sizers available see the detailed documenation on each.

A loose approximation of your code:

#!/usr/bin/python

import wx
class Example(wx.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, title):
        super(Example, self).__init__(parent, title=title,
            size=(450, 350))

        self.panel = wx.Panel(self, -1)

        self.main_sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        self.button_sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)

        self.noteText = wx.TextCtrl(self.panel, -1, style=wx.TE_MULTILINE)
        self.Button_close = wx.Button(self.panel, -1, label="Quit")
        self.Button_1 = wx.Button(self.panel, -1, label="Btn1")
        self.Button_2 = wx.Button(self.panel, -1, label="Btn2")

        self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE, self.onExit)
        self.Button_close.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onExit)
        self.Button_1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onButton)
        self.Button_2.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onButton)


        # Place buttons within their own horizontal sizer
        self.button_sizer.Add(self.Button_close,proportion=0, flag=wx.ALL, border=10)
        self.button_sizer.Add(self.Button_1,proportion=0, flag=wx.ALL, border=10)
        self.button_sizer.Add(self.Button_2,proportion=0, flag=wx.ALL, border=10)

        # Add textctrl and the button sizer to the main sizer (vertical)
        self.main_sizer.Add(self.noteText,proportion=1, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=10)
        self.main_sizer.Add(self.button_sizer, 0, 0, 0)
        self.panel.SetSizer(self.main_sizer)
        self.Show()

    def onExit(self, event):
        self.Destroy()

    def onButton(self, event):
        print("A button was pressed")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = wx.App()
    Example(None, title="Example")
    app.MainLoop()

Edit: Here's the same code without using sizers, although they are recommended.

#!/usr/bin/python

import wx
class Example(wx.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, title):
        super(Example, self).__init__(parent, title=title,
            size=(450, 350))

        self.panel = wx.Panel(self, -1)

        self.noteText = wx.TextCtrl(self.panel, -1, pos=(10,10), size=(400,280), style=wx.TE_MULTILINE)
        self.Button_close = wx.Button(self.panel, -1, label="Quit", pos=(10,290), size=(50,30))
        self.Button_1 = wx.Button(self.panel, -1, label="Btn1", pos=(70,290), size=(50,30))
        self.Button_2 = wx.Button(self.panel, -1, label="Btn2", pos=(130,290), size=(50,30))

        self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE, self.onExit)
        self.Button_close.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onExit)
        self.Button_1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onButton)
        self.Button_2.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onButton)
        self.Show()

    def onExit(self, event):
        self.Destroy()

    def onButton(self, event):
        print("A button was pressed")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = wx.App()
    Example(None, title="Example")
    app.MainLoop()