package 安装期间未找到 Rtools 4.0

Question

For many R packages I try to install (on my Windows 10 machine), I get a warning:

> install.packages('rstan')
WARNING: Rtools is required to build R packages but is not currently installed. Please download and install the appropriate version of Rtools before proceeding:

I thought this was just an erroneous error message since the installation seemed to proceed anyway, but recently I tried to install a package (rstan) and found it completely nonfunctional. My hunch is that since rstan relies completely on compiling code with rcpp, maybe I only got away with the previous packages because I wasn't using the functions in them that relied on Rtools.

I reinstalled Rtools 4.0, and devtools::find_rtools() returns TRUE . But when I run Sys.getenv()['PATH'] there is no Rtools on the path. There isn't a place in the installation process to tell it I want Rtools on the path either, so these instructions don't help - the menus they refer to don't exist for me. So I thought this might be an issue where the new Rtools 4.0 doesn't put itself on the system path. But the problem persisted even after I directly edited the Windows path environment variables (both system and user versions) to include the path given to me by pkgbuild::rtools_path() ( C:\rtools40\usr\bin , a path which both exists and appears to be correct).

This doesn't seem to be the same problem as Rtools 4.0 (Rstudio falsely claims it was deleted) , since there are no claims Rtools was deleted. It's also not the same as Rtools not being detected by R as far as I can tell: I'm not leaving any features out of my Rtools installation - I'm not even getting the option to in my install wizard.

Would appreciate any advice or recommendations.

Answer 1

Rtools40 requires that you add its bin directory to your PATH variable. The full instructions are here .

You can update your ~/.Renviron file with any of the following methods:

You can do that manually by opening ~/.Renviron and putting the following in it:

PATH="${RTOOLS40_HOME}\usr\bin;${PATH}"

You can also use R (Gui or RStudio or Shell) with the following:

writeLines(
    'PATH="${RTOOLS40_HOME}\\usr\\bin;${PATH}"',
    con = file("~/.Renviron", open = "a")
)

Both of these methods require a restart of R.