[英]Spring Boot @Autowired in unit test returns NullPointerException
I have a class(HttpHandler) annotated with @service.我有一个用@service 注释的类(HttpHandler)。 I'm writing unit test case for this service class.我正在为此服务 class 编写单元测试用例。 I used @Autowired annotation in my test class to get the object of the service.我在测试 class 中使用了@Autowired 注释来获取服务的 object。 However, When I run the unit test it return NullPOinterException.但是,当我运行单元测试时,它返回 NullPOinterException。 Can someone help me?有人能帮我吗?
Below is the code of service class:下面是服务 class 的代码:
@Service
public class HttpHandler {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpHandler.class);
/**
* Build the request and Perform Http Get request with headers
* @param url
* @param httpHeaders
* @param responseClass
* @param <T>
* @param <R>
* @return
*/
public <T,R> ResponseEntity<T> sendPost(String url, HttpHeaders httpHeaders, R requestBody, Class<T> responseClass) {
//create an instance of rest template
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
HttpEntity<R> entity = new HttpEntity<R>(requestBody, httpHeaders);
logger.info("POST request to " + url + " with body: " + JsonUtil.jsonizeExcludeNulls(requestBody));
//make an HTTP POST request with headers
ResponseEntity<T> response = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.POST, entity, responseClass);
logger.info("POST" + url + ": " + JsonUtil.jsonize(response));
return response;
}
}
I'm writing unit test case for POST call.我正在为 POST 调用编写单元测试用例。 Below is the unit test for POST call public class HttpHandlerTest {下面是 POST 调用的单元测试 public class HttpHandlerTest {
@Autowired
HttpHandler httpHandler;
@Test
public void testSuccessPostUser() throws Exception{
String baseUrl = "http://localhost:8080/users";
List<String> messages = new ArrayList<>();
messages.add("Hi");
User user = new User();
user.setId(1);
user.setName("John");
user.setAge(22);
user.setMessages(messages);
HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
httpHeaders.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
httpHeaders.setAccept(Collections.singletonList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
HttpEntity<User> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<>(user, httpHeaders);
ResponseEntity<User> actual = httpHandler.sendPost(baseUrl, httpHeaders, user, User.class);
//verify request succeed
assertEquals(HttpStatus.CREATED, actual.getStatusCode());
assertEquals(201, actual.getStatusCodeValue());
assertTrue(actual.toString().contains("id"));
}
} }
It gives below error:它给出以下错误:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.xyz.provisioning.xyz.utils.HttpHandlerTest.testSuccessPostUser(HttpHandlerTest.java:41)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:686)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:131)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:149)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:140)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:84)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:106)
Add @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
above the class if you're using JUnit5 or @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
if you're using JUnit4.如果使用 JUnit5,则在 class 上方添加@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
,如果使用 JUnit4,则添加 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
。
For Junit 5 (as mentioned in the comments) you just need to add @SpringBootTest
on top of the test class.对于 Junit 5(如评论中所述),您只需在测试 class 顶部添加@SpringBootTest
。
@SpringBootTest
class HttpHandlerTest{
// ...
}
You don't need to add @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
because is automatically imported by the annotation @SpringBootTest
.您不需要添加@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
因为由注解@SpringBootTest
自动导入。
To get the same result for Junit 4:要为 Junit 4 获得相同的结果:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
class HttpHandlerTest{
// ...
}
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