使用带有正则表达式的 Ruby gsub 作为替换

Question

Ruby gsub supports using regex as pattern to detect input and it also may allow to use match group number in replacement

for example, if that's a regex detecting lowercase letters at the beginning of any word, and puts a x before it and a y after it this would give perfect result:

"testing gsub".gsub(/(?<=\b)[a-z]/,'x\0y')
#=> "xtyesting xgysub"

But if I want to use regex to convert this match group to uppercase in normal regex, one can normally do this \\U\\$0 as explained here

unfortunately when I try like this:

"testing gsub".gsub(/(?<=\b)[a-z]/,'\U\0')
#=> "\\Utesting \\Ugsub"

also, if I try using raw regex in replacement field like this:

"testing gsub".gsub(/(?<=\b)[a-z]/,/\U\0/)`

I get type error:

TypeError (no implicit conversion of Regexp into String)

I'm totally aware of the option to do it using maps like this:

"testing gsub".gsub(/(?<=\b)[a-z]/,&:upcase)

But unfortunately, the rules (pattern, replacement) are being loaded from a .yaml file and they are applied to string this way:

input.gsub(rule['pattern'], rule['replacement'])

and I am not able to store &:upcase in .yaml to be taken as a raw string

A workaround I may do is to detect if upcase is the replacement got "upcase" and do it this way

"testing gsub".gsub(/(?<=\b)[a-z]/) {|l| l.send("upcase")}

But I don't want to modify this logic:

input.gsub(rule['pattern'], rule['replacement'])

If there is a workaround to either use regex in gsub replacement, or to store methods like &:upcase in YAML without being loaded as a string, it'd be perfect.

Thanks!

Answer 1

TL;DR

You can't do what you want the way you want. This is documented in the Onigmo source. You'll have to use a different approach, or refactor other areas of your code to simulate the behavior you want.

Escapes Like \\U Not Available in Ruby

Special escapes like \\U are extensions to GNU sed or ported from the PCRE library. They are not part of Ruby's current regular expression engine. The Onigmo source clearly mentions that these escapes are missing:

 A-3. Missing features compared with perl 5.18.0 + \\N{name}, \\N{U+xxxx}, \\N + \\l,\\u,\\L,\\U, \\C + \\v, \\V, \\h, \\H + (?{code}) + (??{code}) + (?|...) + (?[]) + (*VERB:ARG)

Other Approaches

You can do what you want in a number of different ways, such as using the block form of String#gsub to call String#upcase on each match. For example:

"testing gsub".gsub(/\b\p{Lower}+/) { |m| m.upcase }
#=> "TESTING GSUB"

You will also have to use the block form if you want to reliably reference certain match variables like $& or $1 , as the variables might otherwise refer to text from previous matches. For illustration, consider:

"foo bar".gsub /\b\p{Lower}+/, "#{$&.upcase}"
#=> "BAR BAR"

As this is primarily an X/Y problem, you may be happier with the answers you receive if you post a related question with an example of your YAML source and your current code for parsing your regular expression matches/substitutions. Perhaps there's a way to wrap or refactor your code that you haven't considered, but you aren't going to be able to solve this the way you want.