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package 和容器有什么区别？

[英]What is the difference between a package and container?

原文 2020-09-02 05:38:23 9 2 docker/ npm/ kubernetes/ package/ containers

GitHub recently released a container registry alongside their package registry. GitHub 最近与他们的 package 注册表一起发布了一个容器注册表。 What is the difference?有什么不同？ When would it be better to use one or the other?什么时候使用一个或另一个更好？ Do we need both?我们都需要吗？

2 个解决方案

Packages are generally simple: they are essentially an archive (ie zip file) that contains contents (code libraries, application executables, etc.) and a manifest file (json document, xml file, etc) that describes those contents with a package name and version number (at a minimum).包通常很简单：它们本质上是一个存档（即 zip 文件），其中包含内容（代码库、应用程序可执行文件等）和一个清单文件（json 文档、xml 文件等），该清单文件用 package 名称和 package 描述这些内容版本号（至少）。 ie:- npm,pip and composer packages.即：- npm,pip 和作曲家包。

Container images are also simple, but they're more like an archive (ie a zip file) than a package. ie:- nginx, redis etc容器镜像也很简单，但它们更像是一个存档（即 zip 文件）而不是 package。即：- nginx、redis 等

Verdict:- if some libs repetitively used in any project then we can create package and use in project.while for all project based dependencies we need to choose container to run this.判决：- 如果某些库在任何项目中重复使用，那么我们可以创建 package 并在项目中使用。而对于所有基于项目的依赖项，我们需要选择容器来运行它。 Yes we need both.是的，我们两者都需要。

After debating this with a Docker-using friend for a while I think I've found a satisfactory explanation:在与一位使用 Docker 的朋友讨论了一段时间后，我想我找到了一个令人满意的解释：

Packages are for modules of code which are compiled together into an Application.包用于代码模块，这些代码模块一起编译成一个应用程序。
Containers are for Applications which are compiled together into a Server.容器用于一起编译到服务器中的应用程序。

This is a bit confused by the fact that a Package can contain a standalone Applications, and Containers will often use package managers like Apt to install these applications.这有点令人困惑，因为一个 Package 可以包含一个独立的应用程序，而容器通常会使用像 Apt 这样的 package 管理器来安装这些应用程序。 I feel like this is an abuse of package management due to a legacy where we didn't have Containers.我觉得这是对 package 管理的滥用，因为我们没有容器。 Eventually I would expect most Applications will be delivered in Container form.最终我希望大多数应用程序将以容器形式交付。