[英]Sub-elements and namespaces in XSD
I've been trying to figure out how to use an XML Schema to validate XML files as I load them into an application. 我一直在尝试找出如何在将XML文件加载到应用程序中时使用XML Schema来验证XML文件。 I've got that part working, but I can't seem to get the schema to recognise anything other than the root element as valid.
我已经完成了该部分的工作,但是我似乎无法使模式识别除根元素以外的任何内容都有效。 For instance, I have the following XML file:
例如,我有以下XML文件:
<fun xmlns="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun
test.xsd">
<activity>rowing</activity>
<activity>eating</activity>
<activity>coding</activity>
</fun>
with the following (admittedly generated from the visual editor—I am but a mere mortal) XSD: 带有以下(肯定是从可视编辑器生成的,我不过是凡人)XSD:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun">
<xsd:element name="fun" type="activityList"></xsd:element>
<xsd:complexType name="activityList">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="activity" type="xsd:string" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"></xsd:element>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:schema>
But now, using Eclipse's built-in (Xerces-based?) validator, I get the following error: 但是现在,使用Eclipse的内置(基于Xerces?)验证器,我得到以下错误:
cvc-complex-type.2.4.a: Invalid content was found starting with element 'activity'. One of '{activity}' is expected.
So how do I fix my XSD so that it…works? 那么,如何修复XSD使其能够正常工作呢? All the search results I've seen so far seem to say "…so I just turned off validation" or "…so I just got rid of namespaces" and that's not something I want to do.
到目前为止,我所看到的所有搜索结果似乎都在说“ ...所以我只是关闭验证”或“ ...所以我只是摆脱了名称空间”,而这并不是我想要做的。
ADDENDUM: 附录:
Now let's say I change my schema to this: 现在假设我将架构更改为此:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun">
<xsd:element name="activity" type="xsd:string"></xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="fun">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element ref="activity" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
Now it works, but does that method mean that I'm allowed to have <actvity>
at the root of my document? 现在可以使用了,但是该方法是否意味着我可以在文档的根目录使用
<actvity>
了? And if the ref
should just be substituted as-is, then why can't I replace ref="actvity"
with name="activity" type="xsd:string"
? 而且,如果
ref
应该按原样替换,那么为什么我不能将ref="actvity"
替换为name="activity" type="xsd:string"
呢?
ADDITIONAL ADDENDUM: ALWAYS do this, or else you will spend hours and hours banging your head on a wall: 其他附录:总是这样做,否则您将花费数小时将头撞在墙上:
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf;
// initialize dbf
dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);
This XSD validates properly here : 此XSD 在这里正确验证:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun">
<!-- definition of simple element(s) -->
<xsd:element name="activity" type="xsd:string"></xsd:element>
<!-- definition of complex element(s) -->
<xsd:element name="fun">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element ref="activity" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
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