python - 在字符串中查找所有出现的带有通配符的子字符串

Question

I am trying to write a function to return all occurrences of a substring that contains wildcards (each wildcard accounting for only one character) within a longer string. For instance, let's say I have the subject string: aabcddcabaabedcbabaa and my query string is b?d??ab . The expected output would be: ['bcddcab', 'bedcbab']

Looking through other stack overflow posts, I've tried the following:

import fnmatch
subject = "aabcddcabaabedcbabaa"
query = "b?d??ab"
res = fnmatch.filter(subject, query)

but this returns an empty list. What am I doing wrong? Am I actually using the filter function of fnmatch correctly? Thank you in advance

Answer 1

• The query should be the second argument of filter , not the first
• filter filters a list of strings by keeping the strings that match your query. filter does not return a list of substrings of a string. If you want to filter the substrings with filter , you first need to build the list of substrings:

import fnmatch
subject = "aabcddcabaabedcbabaa"
query = "b?d??ab"
substrings = fnmatch.filter((subject[i:i+len(query)] for i in range(len(subject) - len(query))), query)
print(substrings)

Output: ['bcddcab', 'bedcbab']