如何在 React 中同步组件共享状态钩子

Question

I'm trying to make 2 components in sync with their parent component state using React hooks. I'm using horizontal and vertical stepper as 2 separate components from material UI, and their parent class has the content of the stepper and the state in which they both should share. The reason I'm using the horizontal and vertical stepper is to make the UI responsive as possible.

The problem I'm encountering is that when the activeStep is incremented by one of the components ie horizontal stepper, upon my understanding of the component mount life cycle. the render method is called and the Activestep is incremented and reflected in the dom. but it is only reflected in the horizontal stepper. the change only propagates in the horizontal stepper component. when navigating the vertical stepper component, it returns the initial state of the hook which was originally set to 0.

I'm trying to make Horizontal and Vertical stepper in sync with the activeStep in the stepperContent , and any change in the state should propagate in both components.

My Question is

How do I make them in sync with the activeState in stepperContent stateful functional component?

steppertContent.JSX

import { makeStyles } from "@material-ui/core/styles";
import { useState, useEffect } from "react";

export const useVerticalStyles = makeStyles((theme) => ({
  root: {
    width: "100%",
  },
  button: {
    marginTop: theme.spacing(1),
    marginRight: theme.spacing(1),
  },
  actionsContainer: {
    marginBottom: theme.spacing(2),
  },
  resetContainer: {
    padding: theme.spacing(3),
  },
}));

export const useHorizontalStyles = makeStyles((theme) => ({
  root: {
    width: "100%",
  },
  backButton: {
    marginRight: theme.spacing(1),
  },
  instructions: {
    marginTop: theme.spacing(1),
    marginBottom: theme.spacing(1),
  },
}));

export const StepperContent = () => {
  const [activeStep, setActiveStep] = useState(0);

  useEffect(() => {
    console.log(activeStep);
  }, [activeStep]);
  // console.log(activeStep);

  const handleNext = () => {
    setActiveStep((prevActiveStep) => prevActiveStep + 1);
  };

  const handleBack = () => {
    setActiveStep((prevActiveStep) => prevActiveStep - 1);
  };

  const handleReset = () => {
    setActiveStep(0);
  };
  return { activeStep, handleNext, handleBack, handleReset };
};

export const getSteps = () => {
  return [
    "ACCOUNT SETUP",
    "PERSONAL INFORMATION",
    "CONTACT INFORMATION",
    "FAMILY INFORMATION",
    "SCHOOL INFORMATION",
    "ADMISSION INFORMATION",
    "SUBMIT INFORMATION",
  ];
};

export const getStepContent = (stepIndex) => {
  switch (stepIndex) {
    case 0:
      return "CREATE YOUR ACCOUNT";
    case 1:
      return "What is an ad group anyways?";
    case 2:
      return "This is the bit I really care about!";
    default:
      return "Unknown stepIndex";
  }
};

horizontalFormStepper.JSX

import React from "react";
import {
  Stepper,
  Step,
  StepLabel,
  Button,
  Typography,
} from "@material-ui/core/";
import {
  getStepContent,
  getSteps,
  useHorizontalStyles,
  StepperContent,
} from "./common/stepperContent";

const HorizontalFormStepper = () => {
  const classes = useHorizontalStyles();
  const { activeStep, handleReset, handleBack, handleNext } = StepperContent();
  const steps = getSteps();

  return (
    <div className={classes.root}>
      <Stepper activeStep={activeStep} alternativeLabel>
        {steps.map((label) => (
          <Step key={label}>
            <StepLabel>{label}</StepLabel>
          </Step>
        ))}
      </Stepper>
      <div>
        {activeStep === steps.length ? (
          <div>
            <Typography className={classes.instructions}>
              All steps completed
            </Typography>
            <Button onClick={handleReset}>Reset</Button>
          </div>
        ) : (
          <div>
            <Typography className={classes.instructions}>
              {getStepContent(activeStep)}
            </Typography>
            <div>
              <Button
                disabled={activeStep === 0}
                onClick={handleBack}
                className={classes.backButton}
              >
                Back
              </Button>
              <Button variant="contained" color="primary" onClick={handleNext}>
                {activeStep === steps.length - 1 ? "Finish" : "Next"}
                {/* {console.log(steps.length - 1)} */}
              </Button>
            </div>
          </div>
        )}
      </div>
    </div>
  );
};

export default HorizontalFormStepper;

verticalFormStepper.JSX

import React from "react";
import {
  Stepper,
  Step,
  StepLabel,
  StepContent,
  Button,
  Paper,
  Typography,
  Grid,
  Container,
} from "@material-ui/core/";
import {
  getStepContent,
  getSteps,
  useVerticalStyles,
  StepperContent,
} from "./common/stepperContent";

const VerticalFormStepper = () => {
  const classes = useVerticalStyles();
  const steps = getSteps();
  const { activeStep, handleBack, handleNext, handleReset } = StepperContent();
  return (
    <Container fixed maxWidth="sm">
      <Grid>
        <Paper variant="outlined" elevation={2}>
          <div className={classes.root}>
            <Stepper activeStep={activeStep} orientation="vertical">
              {steps.map((label, index) => (
                <Step key={label}>
                  <StepLabel>{label}</StepLabel>
                  <StepContent>
                    <Typography>{getStepContent(index)}</Typography>
                    <div className={classes.actionsContainer}>
                      <div>
                        <Button
                          disabled={activeStep === 0}
                          onClick={handleBack}
                          className={classes.button}
                        >
                          Back
                        </Button>
                        <Button
                          variant="contained"
                          color="primary"
                          onClick={handleNext}
                          className={classes.button}
                        >
                          {activeStep === steps.length - 1 ? "Finish" : "Next"}
                        </Button>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </StepContent>
                </Step>
              ))}
            </Stepper>
            {activeStep === steps.length && (
              <Paper square elevation={0} className={classes.resetContainer}>
                <Typography>
                  All steps completed - you&apos;re finished
                </Typography>
                <Button onClick={handleReset} className={classes.button}>
                  Reset
                </Button>
              </Paper>
            )}
          </div>
        </Paper>
      </Grid>
    </Container>
  );
};

export default VerticalFormStepper;

Answer 1

Another possible solution, is to use Context API.

// StepperContent.jsx
...

export const StepperContentContext = createContext();
export const useStepperContent = () => useContext(StepperContentContext);

export const StepperContentProvider = ({ children }) => {
  ...

  const value = { activeStep, handleNext, handleBack, handleReset };

  return (
    <StepperContentContext.Provider value={value}>
      {children}
    </StepperContentContext.Provider>
  );
};

So instead of using StepperContent , you can now use useStepperContent hook.

// HorizontalFormStepper.jsx
...
import {
  getStepContent,
  getSteps,
  useHorizontalStyles,
  useStepperContent
} from "./common/StepperContent";

const HorizontalFormStepper = () => {
  const classes = useHorizontalStyles();
  const {
    activeStep,
    handleReset,
    handleBack,
    handleNext
  } = useStepperContent();
  ...

Might be overkill, but it's there.