如何制作一维图，其中值由颜色表示，而不是在 y 轴上？

Question

I'm trying to generate a plot in matplotlib, which would show what kind of mixing type is dominant in different section of a star (1-dimensional section). Data is loaded from file, and mixing types are represented by integers (from 1 to 6). I would like to show it, not on standard 2-dimensional plot, but as a colorbar, where values of parameter are shown not as y value, but as colors on x-axis.

Answer 1

There are many ways to creates such plots. Depending on how many plots and how many x values you want to show you might prefer a different approach. If there is a clear hierarchy in the values, this can be reflected in the colors chosen.

Here is an example using imshow() to get you started.

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = np.random.randint(1, 7, 25)
cmap = plt.cm.get_cmap('inferno', 6)
plt.imshow(x.reshape(1, -1), cmap=cmap, vmin=1, vmax=6)
for i in range(len(x)):
    plt.text(i, 0, x[i], ha='center', va='center', color='navy' if x[i] >= 5 else 'white')
plt.xticks(range(len(x)))
plt.gca().yaxis.set_visible(False)
plt.show()