是否有一种容易记住的方法来过滤只知道部分 IP 地址的“Get-NetIPAddress”？

Question

Recently I have been doing more networking work on Windows VM and Containers. These instances most easily offer PowerShell access for debugging network issues. I know the basic networking commands, *-Net* , but I am having a hard time filtering the Object based outputs. Specifically I find myself wanting to filter Get-NetIPAddress to just those objects that have IPAddress values in a certain subnet. This is pretty straight forward when you know the exact IPAddress ( Get-NetIPAddress | where IPAddress -eq 127.0.0.1 ) and I have seen ways to filter by subnet, but not something that is easy to remember. I'd rather not have to look this up every time or install a custom PS module. So my question is, how can you filter the output of Get-NetIPAddress for IP's in a subnet in a way similar to how you know the exact IPAddress: where IPAddress -eq 127.0.0.1 .

Answer 1

For partial matching, you can use the -like or -match operator.

-like accepts wildcard matching. * matches any number of characters. ? matches one of any character. [] contains a range of characters to match once.

# Matches 127.0.<anything>
Get-NetIPAddress | where IPAddress -like '127.0.*'

# Matches 127.0.0.<one character>
Get-NetIPAddress | where IPAddress -like '127.0.0.?'

# Matches 127.0.0.<one number between 0 and 9>
Get-NetIPAddress | where IPAddress -like '127.0.0.[0-9]'

-match uses regex. This adds more flexibility and complexity. . match any character here so literal dots should be escaped with backslash.

# Matches 127.0.0.<one number between 0 and 9>
Get-NetIPAddress | where IPAddress -match '127\.0\.0\.[0-9]'
# Matches 127.<any number>.<any number>.<any number>
Get-NetIPAddress | where IPAddress -match '127\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+'
# Matches 127.0.<one number between 0 and 9>.<two digit number>
Get-NetIPAddress | where IPAddress -match '127\.0\.[0-9]\.[0-9]{2}'