为什么 powershell env 可以在本地运行，但不能与 dockerfile 一起使用？

Question

So I ran this command on my local machine. Scrubbed link for obvious reasons.

scalar clone --full-clone https://$env:USERNAME:$env:PAT_TOKEN@<MY GIT REPO LINK HERE>

But running this doesn't work in a dockerfile. Even with the ARGs passed in during the build. And yes, I've checked them by printing them out.

RUN scalar clone --full-clone https://$env:USERNAME:$env:PAT_TOKEN@<MY GIT REPO LINK HERE>

But if I just add a back slash in the right place, it works...

RUN scalar clone --full-clone https://$env:USERNAME\:$env:PAT_TOKEN@<MY GIT REPO LINK HERE>

Any ideas?

Answer 1

I don't think it works locally, because you appear to have hit a bug (as of PowerShell 7.0) , which can more simply be demonstrated thus:

# Command based on *Windows* environment vars., but the bug affects Unix too.
PS> Write-Output $env:OS:$env:USERNAME@more
jdoe@more  # !! only the *2nd* variable value is output.

The bug surfaces when two $env:<name> references are directly joined with a : (your insertion of \\ before the : bypassed the bug).

The workaround is to enclose the variable name (including the env: namespace prefix) in {...} , which is PowerShell's mechanism for disambiguating variable names from adjacent characters in (implicit) expandable strings:

# Workaround: enclose the variable name in {...}
PS> Write-Output ${env:OS}:$env:USERNAME@more
Windows_NT:jdoe@more  # OK.