[英]Converting a CTE query to SQLAlchemy ORM
(This is a rewritten version of a deleted question from earlier today.) (这是今天早些时候删除的问题的重写版本。)
I'm using the SQLAlchemy ORM as part of a Flask app, with MySQL as a backend, and I'm trying to write a query to return a list of entries surrounding a particular entry.我正在使用 SQLAlchemy ORM 作为 Flask 应用程序的一部分,将 MySQL 作为后端,并且我正在尝试编写一个查询以返回围绕特定条目的条目列表。 While I have a working query in SQL, I'm unsure how to code it in SQLA.虽然我在 SQL 中有一个工作查询,但我不确定如何在 SQLA 中对其进行编码。 The docs for CTE in the ORM show a very complicated example, and there aren't many other examples I can find. ORM 中 CTE的文档显示了一个非常复杂的示例,我找不到很多其他示例。
For now assume a very simple table that only contains words:现在假设一个非常简单的表,只包含单词:
class Word(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'word'
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
word = db.Column(db.String(100))
If I want the 10 words before and after a given word (with an id of 73), an SQL query that does what I need is:如果我想要给定单词前后的 10 个单词(ID 为 73),那么执行我需要的 SQL 查询是:
WITH cte AS (SELECT id, word, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY word) AS rownumber FROM word)
SELECT * FROM cte
WHERE rownumber > (SELECT rownumber FROM cte WHERE cte.id = 73) - 10
AND rownumber < (SELECT rownumber FROM cte WHERE cte.id = 73) + 10
ORDER BY rownumber;
I can't figure out the next step, however.但是,我无法弄清楚下一步。 I want to get a list of Word objects.我想获取 Word 对象的列表。 I'd imagine that the first part of it could be something like我想它的第一部分可能是这样的
id = 73
rowlist = db.session.query(Word.id, db.func.row_number()).filter(Word.id == id).order_by(Word.word).cte()
but even if this is right, I don't know how to get this into the next part;但即使这是正确的,我也不知道如何将其带入下一部分; I got bogged down in the aliased
bits in the examples.我陷入了示例中的aliased
位。 Could someone give me a push in the right direction?有人能给我一个正确的方向吗?
This may not be the most elegant solution but it seems to be working for me:这可能不是最优雅的解决方案,但它似乎对我有用:
engine = db.create_engine(sqlalchemy_uri)
Base = declarative_base()
class Word(Base):
__tablename__ = "so64359277"
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
word = db.Column(db.String(100))
def __repr__(self):
return f"<Word(id={self.id}, word='{self.word}')>"
Base.metadata.drop_all(engine, checkfirst=True)
Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()
# test data
word_objects = []
for x in [
"Hotel",
"Charlie",
"Alfa",
"India",
"Foxtrot",
"Echo",
"Bravo",
"Golf",
"Delta",
]:
word_objects.append(Word(word=x))
session.add_all(word_objects)
session.commit()
# show test data with id values
pprint(session.query(Word).all())
"""console output:
[<Word(id=1, word='Hotel')>,
<Word(id=2, word='Charlie')>,
<Word(id=3, word='Alfa')>,
<Word(id=4, word='India')>,
<Word(id=5, word='Foxtrot')>,
<Word(id=6, word='Echo')>,
<Word(id=7, word='Bravo')>,
<Word(id=8, word='Golf')>,
<Word(id=9, word='Delta')>]
"""
target_word = "Echo"
num_context_rows = 3
rowlist = session.query(
Word.id,
Word.word,
db.func.row_number().over(order_by=Word.word).label("rownum"),
).cte("rowlist")
target_rownum = session.query(rowlist.c.rownum).filter(
rowlist.c.word == target_word
)
select_subset = session.query(rowlist.c.rownum, rowlist.c.id).filter(
db.and_(
(rowlist.c.rownum >= target_rownum.scalar() - num_context_rows),
(rowlist.c.rownum <= target_rownum.scalar() + num_context_rows),
)
)
rownum_id_map = {x[0]: x[1] for x in select_subset.all()}
min_rownum = min(rownum_id_map)
max_rownum = max(rownum_id_map)
result = []
for rownum in range(min_rownum, max_rownum + 1):
result.append(session.query(Word).get(rownum_id_map[rownum]))
pprint(result)
"""console output:
[<Word(id=7, word='Bravo')>,
<Word(id=2, word='Charlie')>,
<Word(id=9, word='Delta')>,
<Word(id=6, word='Echo')>,
<Word(id=5, word='Foxtrot')>,
<Word(id=8, word='Golf')>]
<Word(id=1, word='Hotel')>]
"""
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