在python中，有没有办法在满足条件时进入try/except块，否则直接执行try块中的代码？

Question

I would like to execute a loop that attempts to run a block of code, and skips past any iterations that happen to fail. However I would also like to be able to pass in a debug flag, so that if one of the iterations fails the program crashes and the user can see the backtrace to help themselves see where it failed. Essentially, I want to do this:

debug = False  # or True
for i in range(10):
    if not debug:
        try:
            # many lines of code
        except:
            print(f'Case {i} failed')
    else:
        # many lines of code

However, I don't want to duplicate the #many lines of code . I could wrap them in a helper function and do precisely the structure I wrote above, but I'm going to have to pass around a bunch of variables that will add some complexity (aka unit tests that I don't want to write). Is there another way to do this?

Answer 1

Best solution shy of factoring out many lines of code to its own function (which is often a good idea, but not always) would be to unconditionally use the try / except , but have the except conditionally re-raise the exception:

debug = False  # or True
for i in range(10):
    try:
        # many lines of code
    except:
        if debug:
            raise  # Bare raise reraises the exception as if it was never caught
        print(f'Case {i} failed')

A caught exception reraised with a bare raise leaves no user-visible traces to distinguish it from an uncaught exception; the traceback is unchanged, with no indication of it passing through the except block, so the net effect is identical to your original code, aside from debug being evaluated later (not at all if no exception occurs) and many lines of code appearing only once.

Side-note: Bare except blocks are a bad idea. If nothing else, limit it to except Exception: so you're not catching and suppressing stuff like KeyboardInterrupt or SystemExit when not in debug mode.

Answer 2

Best way is to use a function, just one line more does not matter too much.

Otherwise, if there is no need to test debug , There is no need to repeat the else block. Because if statements in try don't raise error, then the it will execute and result will be shown normally.