如何检查 JavaScript 中是否存在函数？

Question

My code is

function getID( swfID ){
     if(navigator.appName.indexOf("Microsoft") != -1){
          me = window[swfID];
     }else{
          me = document[swfID];
     }
}

function js_to_as( str ){
     me.onChange(str);
}

However, sometimes my onChange does not load. Firebug errors with

me.onChange is not a function

I want to degrade gracefully because this is not the most important feature in my program. typeof gives the same error.

Any suggestions on how to make sure that it exists and then only execute onChange ?

(None of the methods below except try catch one work)

Answer 1

Try something like this:

if (typeof me.onChange !== "undefined") { 
    // safe to use the function
}

or better yet (as per UpTheCreek upvoted comment)

if (typeof me.onChange === "function") { 
    // safe to use the function
}

Answer 2

I had this problem.

if (obj && typeof obj === 'function') { ... }

kept throwing a reference error if obj happened to be undefined.

In the end I did the following:

if (typeof obj !== 'undefined' && typeof obj === 'function') { ... }

A colleague pointed out to me that checking if it's !== 'undefined' and then === 'function' is redundant of course.

Simpler:

if (typeof obj === 'function') { ... }

Much cleaner and works great.

Answer 3

Modern JavaScript to the rescue!

This is solved in JavaScript since ES2020 , and Typescript since v3.7 , with Optional Chaining .

me.onChange?.(str)

If onChange exists, it gets called.

If onChange does not exist, nothing happens: the expression returns undefined .

So for let value = me.onChange?.(str) , value is undefined if onChange does not exist.

Note, if onChange exists but is not a function, it throws a TypeError just the same as if you call any non-function as a function. Optional Chaining doesn't do any magic to make this go away.

Answer 4

How about:

if('functionName' in Obj){
    //code
}

eg

var color1 = new String("green");
"length" in color1 // returns true
"indexOf" in color1 // returns true
"blablabla" in color1 // returns false

or as for your case:

if('onChange' in me){
    //code
}

See MDN docs .

Answer 5

If you're using eval to convert a string to function, and you want to check if this eval'd method exists, you'll want to use typeof and your function string inside an eval :

var functionString = "nonexsitantFunction"
eval("typeof " + functionString) // returns "undefined" or "function"

Don't reverse this and try a typeof on eval . If you do a ReferenceError will be thrown:

var functionString = "nonexsitantFunction"
typeof(eval(functionString)) // returns ReferenceError: [function] is not defined

Answer 6

Try typeof -- Look for 'undefined' to say it doesn't exist, 'function' for a function. JSFiddle for this code

function thisishere() {
    return false;
}
alert("thisishere() is a " + typeof thisishere);
alert("thisisnthere() is " + typeof thisisnthere);

Or as an if:

if (typeof thisishere === 'function') {
    // function exists
}

Or with a return value, on a single line:

var exists = (typeof thisishere === 'function') ? "Value if true" : "Value if false";
var exists = (typeof thisishere === 'function') // Returns true or false

Answer 7

Didn't see this suggested: me.onChange && me.onChange(str);

Basically if me.onChange is undefined (which it will be if it hasn't been initiated) then it won't execute the latter part. If me.onChange is a function, it will execute me.onChange(str).

You can even go further and do:

me && me.onChange && me.onChange(str);

in case me is async as well.

Answer 8

For me the easiest way :

function func_exists(fname)
{
  return (typeof window[fname] === 'function');
}

Answer 9

//Simple function that will tell if the function is defined or not
function is_function(func) {
    return typeof window[func] !== 'undefined' && $.isFunction(window[func]);
}

//usage

if (is_function("myFunction") {
        alert("myFunction defined");
    } else {
        alert("myFunction not defined");
    }

Answer 10

Put double exclamation mark ie !! before the function name that you want to check. If it exists, it will return true.

function abc(){
}
!!window.abc; // return true
!!window.abcd; // return false

Answer 11

function js_to_as( str ){
     if (me && me.onChange)
         me.onChange(str);
}

Answer 12

I'll go 1 step further to make sure the property is indeed a function

function js_to_as( str ){
     if (me && me.onChange && typeof me.onChange === 'function') {
         me.onChange(str);
     }
}

Answer 13

function function_exists(function_name)
{
    return eval('typeof ' + function_name) === 'function';
}
alert(function_exists('test'));
alert(function_exists('function_exists'));

OR

function function_exists(func_name) {
  //  discuss at: http://phpjs.org/functions/function_exists/
  // original by: Kevin van Zonneveld (http://kevin.vanzonneveld.net)
  // improved by: Steve Clay
  // improved by: Legaev Andrey
  // improved by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me)
  //   example 1: function_exists('isFinite');
  //   returns 1: true

  if (typeof func_name === 'string') {
    func_name = this.window[func_name];
  }
  return typeof func_name === 'function';
}

Answer 14

I like using this method:

function isFunction(functionToCheck) {
  var getType = {};
  return functionToCheck && getType.toString.call(functionToCheck) === '[object Function]';
}

Usage:

if ( isFunction(me.onChange) ) {
    me.onChange(str); // call the function with params
}

Answer 15

The Underscore.js library defines it in the isFunction method as this (which comments suggest may cater for some browser bugs)

typeof obj == 'function' || false

http://underscorejs.org/docs/underscore.html#section-143

Answer 16

I had the case where the name of the function varied according to a variable (var 'x' in this case) added to the functions name. This works:

if ( typeof window['afunction_'+x] === 'function' ) { window['afunction_'+x](); } 

Answer 17

If you're checking for a function that is a jQuery plugin, you need to use $.fn.myfunction

if (typeof $.fn.mask === 'function') {
    $('.zip').mask('00000');
}

Answer 18

Here is a working and simple solution for checking existence of a function and triggering that function dynamically by another function;

Trigger function

function runDynamicFunction(functionname){ 

    if (typeof window[functionname] == "function") { //check availability

        window[functionname]("this is from the function it"); // run function and pass a parameter to it
    }
}

and you can now generate the function dynamically maybe using php like this

function runThis_func(my_Parameter){

    alert(my_Parameter +" triggerd");
}

now you can call the function using dynamically generated event

<?php

$name_frm_somware ="runThis_func";

echo "<input type='button' value='Button' onclick='runDynamicFunction(\"".$name_frm_somware."\");'>";

?>

the exact HTML code you need is

<input type="button" value="Button" onclick="runDynamicFunction('runThis_func');">

Answer 19

In a few words: catch the exception.

I am really surprised nobody answered or commented about Exception Catch on this post yet.

Detail: Here goes an example where I try to match a function which is prefixed by mask_ and suffixed by the form field "name". When JavaScript does not find the function, it should throw an ReferenceError which you can handle as you wish on the catch section.

 function inputMask(input) { try { let maskedInput = eval("mask_"+input.name); if(typeof maskedInput === "undefined") return input.value; else return eval("mask_"+input.name)(input); } catch(e) { if (e instanceof ReferenceError) { return input.value; } } }

Answer 20

With no conditions

me.onChange=function(){};

function getID( swfID ){
     if(navigator.appName.indexOf("Microsoft") != -1){
          me = window[swfID];
     }else{
          me = document[swfID];
     }
}

function js_to_as( str ){
     me.onChange(str);
}

Answer 21

I would suspect that me is not getting correctly assigned onload.

Moving the get_ID call into the onclick event should take care of it.

Obviously you can further trap as previously mentioned:

function js_to_as( str) {
  var me = get_ID('jsExample');
  if (me && me.onChange) {
    me.onChange(str);
  }
}

Answer 22

I always check like this:

if(!myFunction){return false;}

just place it before any code that uses this function

Answer 23

This simple jQuery code should do the trick:

if (jQuery.isFunction(functionName)) {
    functionName();
}

Answer 24

I have tried the accepted answer; however:

console.log(typeof me.onChange);

returns 'undefined'. I've noticed that the specification states an event called 'onchange' instead of 'onChange' (notice the camelCase).

Changing the original accepted answer to the following worked for me:

if (typeof me.onchange === "function") { 
  // safe to use the function
}

Answer 25

I have also been looking for an elegant solution to this problem. After much reflection, I found this approach best.

const func = me.onChange || (str => {}); func(str) const func = me.onChange || (str => {}); func(str) ;

Answer 26

I would suggest using:

function hasMethod(subject, methodName) {
  return subject != null && typeof subject[methodName] == "function";
}

The first check subject != null filters out nullish values ( null and undefined ) which don't have any properties. Without this check subject[methodName] could throw an error:

TypeError: (undefined|null) has no properties

Checking for only a truthy value isn't enough, since 0 and "" are both falsy but do have properties.

After validating that subject is not nullish you can safely access the property and check if it matches typeof subject[methodName] == "function" .

---

Applying this to your code you can now do:

if (hasMethod(me, "onChange")) {
  me.onChange(str);
}

Answer 27

    function sum(nb1,nb2){

       return nb1+nb2;
    }

    try{

      if(sum() != undefined){/*test if the function is defined before call it*/

        sum(3,5);               /*once the function is exist you can call it */

      }

    }catch(e){

      console.log("function not defined");/*the function is not defined or does not exists*/
    }

Answer 28

然后是这个...

( document.exitPointerLock || Function )();

Answer 29

Try this one:

Window.function_exists=function(function_name,scope){
//Setting default scope of none is provided
If(typeof scope === 'undefined') scope=window;
//Checking if function name is defined
If (typeof function_name === 'undefined') throw new 
Error('You have to provide an valid function name!');
//The type container
var fn= (typeof scope[function_name]);
//Function type
If(fn === 'function') return true;
//Function object type
if(fn.indexOf('function')!== false) return true; 
return false;
}

Be aware that I've write this with my cellphone Might contain some uppercase issues and/or other corrections needed like for example functions name

If you want a function like PHP to check if the var is set:

Window.isset=function (variable_con){
If(typeof variable_con !== 'undefined') return true;
return false;
}

Answer 30

To illustrate the preceding answers, here a quick JSFiddle snippet :

 function test () { console.log() } console.log(typeof test) // >> "function" // implicit test, in javascript if an entity exist it returns implcitly true unless the element value is false as : // var test = false if(test){ console.log(true)} else{console.log(false)} // test by the typeof method if( typeof test === "function"){ console.log(true)} else{console.log(false)} // confirm that the test is effective : // - entity with false value var test2 = false if(test2){ console.log(true)} else{console.log(false)} // confirm that the test is effective : // - typeof entity if( typeof test ==="foo"){ console.log(true)} else{console.log(false)} /* Expected : function true true false false */

Answer 31

// just pass your tested function name instead of myFunctionName
if ( $.isFunction($.fn.myFunctionName) ) {
    console.log( 'write your code here.' );
}

Answer 32

This will verify if the function exists, if so it will be executed

me.onChange && me.onChange(str);

Thus the error TypeError: me.onChange is not a function is prevent.

Answer 33

I prefer it using lodash library as below (looks much cleaner):

if (_.has(me, "onChange")) {
   // your desired code here
}

// or generic one like

if (_.has(this, "some property or function name")) {
   // your desired code here
}

Answer 34

function isFunction( o ) { return null !== o && "function" === typeof o && !!o.apply; }