如何在python中导入我自己的包？

Question

I have a project

testci/
├── __init__.py
├── README.md
├── requirements.txt
├── src
│   ├── __init__.py
│   └── mylib.py
└── test
    ├── __init__.py
    └── pow_test.py

When I run python3.6 test/pow_test.py I see an error:

File "test/pow_test.py", line 3, in import testci.src.mylib as mylib ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'testci'

pow_test.py

from testci.src.mylib import get_abs


def test_abs():
    assert get_abs(-10) == 10 

How can I fix this error?

System details: Ububntu 16.04 LTS, Python 3.6.10

Answer 1

try this

from  .src import  mylib
from mylib import get_abs

if it won't work then import one by one. But don't import the root folder since the file you are importing to is on the same folder you are trying to import then it will always raise an error

Answer 2

Run Python with the -m argument within the base testsci package to execute as a submodule.

I made a similar mock folder structure:

├───abc_blah
│   │   abc_blah.py
│   │   __init__.py
│
└───def
    │   def.py
    │   __init__.py

abc_blah.py

print('abc')

def.py

import abc_blah.abc_blah

Execute like such:

python -m def.def

Correctly prints out 'abc' as expected here.

Answer 3

simply add __package__ = "testci" and also it is a good practice to add a try and except block

Your final code should look something like

try:
    from testci.src.mylib import get_abs
except ModuleNotFoundError:
    from ..testci.src.mylib import get_abs

for running it, type python -m test.pow_test

Answer 4

I think your issue is how the package is installed. The import looks fine to me. As it says CI I'm guessing you're having the package installed remotely with only the test folder somehow.

Try adding a setup.py file where you define that both the test as well as the src packages are part of your testci package.

Answer 5

there are many ways to organize a project, keep things consider in mind, structure should be simple and more scaleable, can differentiate the things in codebase easily.

one of the few good possible ways to structure a project is below

project/
├── app.py
├── dockerfile
├── pipfile
├── Readme.md
├── requiements.txt
├── src_code
│   ├── code
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   └── mylib.py
│   └── test
│       ├── __init__.py
│       └── test_func.py
└── travisfile

here app.py is main file which is responsible to run your entire project