导入 python 模块时出现多个错误 - ModuleNotFoundError 和 ImportError

Question

I receive multiple import errors. My directory looks like that:

scraping
└── tool_scrapy
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── items.py
    ├── middlewares
    ├── * other scrapy files *
    └── spiders
       ├── my_spider.py
       └── run_my_spider.py

run_my_spider.py

from __future__ import absolute_import
from scrapy.crawler import CrawlerProcess
from scrapy.utils.project import get_project_settings
from tool_scrapy.spiders.my_spider import my_spiderSpider

process = CrawlerProcess(get_project_settings())
process.crawl(CARSPLotomotoSpider)
process.start()

I receive many error no matter how I am trying to write my fourth line:

from tool_scrapy.spiders.my_spider import my_spiderSpider

I am getting:

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tool_scrapy'

Or when I add "." before I am getting:

ImportError: attempted relative import with no known parent package

I have already tried this things:

from tool_scrapy.spiders.my_spider import my_spiderSpider
from .tool_scrapy.spiders.my_spider import my_spiderSpider
from spiders.my_spider import my_spiderSpider
from .spiders.my_spider import my_spiderSpider
from scraping.tool_scrapy.spiders.my_spider import my_spiderSpider
from .scraping.tool_scrapy.spiders.my_spider import my_spiderSpider

I have tried adding main .py, I have tried adding init .py in various places, still nothing.

Also, pycharm is proposing me this first solution (and after adding "." pycharm is correctly proposing me next modules. Yet still, when I try to run it I receive this errors.

What can I try next to resolve this?

Edit

my_spider.py:

from tool_scrapy.items import SpiderItem

Here I also tried many similar options, always hitting the same errors.

Answer 1

This code helped me:

import inspect
import os
import sys

current_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe())))
parent_dir = os.path.dirname(current_dir)
sys.path.insert(0, parent_dir)

If anyone could explain me why, I would be very happy.