[英]Moq testing Entity Framework
I am newbie to both Entity Framework
and Moq testing
.我是Entity Framework
和Moq testing
的新手。
Below is my EF code
:下面是我的EF code
:
public class Repository<TEntity> : IRepository<TEntity> where TEntity : class
{
protected readonly DbContext Context;
public Repository(DbContext context)
{
Context = context;
}
public TEntity Get(int id)
{
return Context.Set<TEntity>().Find(id);
}
public IEnumerable<TEntity> GetAll()
{
return Context.Set<TEntity>().ToList();
}
public void Add(TEntity entity)
{
Context.Set<TEntity>().Add(entity);
}
public void Remove(TEntity entity)
{
Context.Set<TEntity>().Remove(entity);
}
}
public interface IRepository<TEntity> where TEntity : class
{
TEntity Get(int id);
IEnumerable<TEntity> GetAll();
void Add(TEntity entity);
void Remove(TEntity entity);
}
public interface IUnitOfWork : IDisposable
{
int Complete();
}
public class UnitOfWork : IUnitOfWork
{
private readonly EF_SalesOrdersDBContext _context;
public CustomersRepository customersRepository { get; set; }
public UnitOfWork(EF_SalesOrdersDBContext context)
{
_context = context;
customersRepository = new CustomersRepository(_context);
}
public int Complete()
{
return _context.SaveChanges();
}
public void Dispose()
{
_context.Dispose();
}
}
public class CustomersRepository : Repository<Customer>
{
public CustomersRepository(EF_SalesOrdersDBContext context)
:base(context)
{
}
}
Code below in program.cs
which works. program.cs
中的以下代码有效。
UnitOfWork unitOfWork = new UnitOfWork(new EF_SalesOrdersDBContext());
unitOfWork.customersRepository.Add(new Customer { CompanyName = "test2", FirstName = "John", LastName = "Barnes", AddressLine1 = "11 lfc", City = "Liverpool", County = "LFC", Phone = "444" });
unitOfWork.Complete();
I would like test using Moq
.我想使用Moq
进行测试。
This is what I have tried:这是我尝试过的:
[TestClass]
public class UnitTest1
{
[TestMethod]
public void TestMethod1()
{
var mockSet = new Mock<DbSet<Customer>>();
var mockContext = new Mock<EF_SalesOrdersDBContext>();
mockContext.Setup(m => m.Customers).Returns(mockSet.Object);
var service = new CustomersRepository(mockContext.Object);
service.Add(new Customer { CompanyName = "test2", FirstName = "John", LastName = "Barnes", AddressLine1 = "11 lfc", City = "Liverpool", County = "LFC", Phone = "444" });
mockSet.Verify(m => m.Add(It.IsAny<Customer>()), Times.Once());
mockContext.Verify(m => m.SaveChanges(), Times.Once());
}
}
I get the error:我得到错误:
Message: Test method UnitTestProject1.UnitTest1.TestMethod1 threw exception: System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.消息:测试方法 UnitTestProject1.UnitTest1.TestMethod1 抛出异常:System.NullReferenceException:Object 引用未设置为 object 的实例。 Stack Trace: Repository`1.Add(TEntity entity) line 34 UnitTest1.TestMethod1() line 26堆栈跟踪:存储库`1.Add(TEntity entity) 第 34 行 UnitTest1.TestMethod1() 第 26 行
Mocking db context is a bad idea - you can simply use an in memory context and avoid mocking everything. Mocking 数据库上下文是一个坏主意 - 您可以简单地在 memory 上下文中使用并避免 mocking 一切。 It will work just like the real database.它将像真正的数据库一样工作。
See these suggestions from Microsoft: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/ef/core/testing/请参阅 Microsoft 的这些建议: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/ef/core/testing/
This question has some answers that show how to make the in memory context: Unit testing with EF Core and in memory database这个问题有一些答案,显示如何在 memory 上下文中制作: Unit testing with EF Core and in memory database
A key reason for implementing a repository pattern with Entity Framework is to enable unit testing.使用实体框架实现存储库模式的一个关键原因是启用单元测试。 The Repository becomes the abstraction point for the unit tests.存储库成为单元测试的抽象点。 Basically think of it this way:基本上是这样想的:
So where your main business logic should be residing in your Services / Controllers, that is where your unit tests would be targeting.因此,您的主要业务逻辑应该驻留在您的服务/控制器中,这就是您的单元测试的目标。 The Mocks are made for your Repositories, not EF DbContexts/DbSets. Mocks 是为您的存储库制作的,而不是 EF DbContexts/DbSets。
So for example, given your structure I would have a Mock of the UnitOfWork which asserts whether any Complete()
call is made (or not), then mock out the Repository for expected methods to return a known state.因此,例如,给定您的结构,我将有一个 UnitOfWork 模拟,它断言是否进行了(或不)任何Complete()
调用,然后模拟存储库以获取预期的方法以返回已知的 state。
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