如何在查询生成器 laravel 中执行此 SQL？

Question

How can I do this SQL in Query builder laravel?

SELECT date_trunc('day', created_at) AS hour_stump,
  (extract(hour FROM created_at)::int / 60) AS min_slot,
  count(*),
  max(e4) as kwh
FROM energydata_1001
WHERE api_key_value= 'YaB8JCcE'
AND date(created_at) >= '2020-11-30 23:59:59'
AND date(created_at) <= '2020-12-29 00:00:00'
GROUP  BY 1, 2
ORDER  BY 1, 2;

Can anyone help me, because i'm new in laravel. Thank you.

Answer 1

Here's a line by line equivalent.

SQL

Builder

SELECT date_trunc('day', created_at) AS hour_stump, (extract(hour FROM created_at)::int / 60) AS min_slot, count(*), max(e4) as kwh FROM energydata_1001 WHERE api_key_value= 'YaB8JCcE' AND date(created_at) >= '2020-11-30 23:59:59' AND date(created_at) <= '2020-12-29 00:00:00' GROUP BY 1, 2 ORDER BY 1, 2;

DB::query() ->selectRaw("date_trunc('day', created_at) AS hour_stump") /* day must be in single quotes because it's a raw expression. */ ->selectRaw('(extract(hour FROM created_at)::int / 60) AS min_slot') ->selectRaw('count(*)') ->selectRaw('max(e4) as kwh') ->from('energydata_1001') ->where('api_key_value', '=', 'YaB8JCcE') ->whereRaw("date(created_at) >=?", ['2020-11-30 23:59:59']) ->whereRaw("date(created_at) <=?", ['2020-12-29 00:00:00']) ->groupByRaw('1, 2') ->orderByRaw('1, 2') ->get();

• selectRaw must be used instead of select because your select statement has functions and casting in it (date_trunc, extract, ::int, count, max). selectRaw supports raw sql expressions.
• Same thing with whereRaw because of the date() function.
• groupByRaw must be used because you're not grouping by a selected column.
• orderByRaw must be used because you're not ordering by a selected column.

This could be written a bit differently.

• Instead of DB::query()->selectRaw(...->from('energydata_1001') , you could write DB::table('energydata_1001')->selectRaw(... . I chose to write it that way to make an easier comparison. The generated SQL won't change.
• Instead of whereRaw("date(created_at) <=?", ['2020-11-30 23:59:59']) you could use whereDate('created_at', '<=', '2020-11-30 23:59:59') . The difference lies in the generated SQL. whereDate casts the column to a date instead of using the date() function when using PostgreSQL.
  • whereRaw("date(created_at) >=?", ['2020-11-30 23:59:59'])
    translates to where/and date(created_at) >= '2020-11-30 23:59:59' .
  • whereDate('created_at', '>=', '2020-11-30 23:59:59')
    translates to where/and created_at::date >= '2020-11-30 23:59:59' in PostgreSQL.

Answer 2

You can do this with query builder, like:

$users = DB::select('select * from users where active = ?', [1]);

With eloquent:

$user = User::select(DB::raw('select * from users where active = ?', [1]))->get();