如何在 Javascript 中使用正则表达式来提取 URL 路径的特定部分

Question

Right now, I'm trying to take a URL in this format:

https://www.example.com/{section}/posts/{number}

and get section and number. I need to do it with a regex; I cannot just break it into a parts array. I have tried:

var sect = myURL.match('https://www.example.com/[^/]+');

but I get as output "https://www.example.com/{section}" I want to be able to get the section and the number . How do I do this in Javascript?

Answer 1

You can assign output of matches to multiple variables like this:

 var myURL = 'https://www.example.com/mysection/posts/1234'; [$0, sec, num] = myURL.match(/^https?:\/\/www\.example\.com\/([^\/]+)\/posts\/(\d+)\/?$/); console.log(sec) //=> mysection console.log(num) //=> 1234

RegEx Details:

• ^ : Start
• https?:\/\/www\.example\.com\/ :
• ([^\/]+) : Match 1+ of any character that is not / and capture as group #1
• \/posts\/ : Match /posts/
• (\d+) : Match 1+ digits and capture as group #2
• \/?$ : Match an optional trailing / before end

Answer 2

If you don't have to validate that the string is in fact a URL then just split it on forward slashes.

 var parts = `https://www.example.com/{section}/posts/{number}`.split(/\//); console.log(parts[3]); console.log(parts[5]);

If you "must" use regex match then:

 var matches = `https://www.example.com/{section}/posts/{number}`.match(/.*\/(?<section>[^\/]+)\/posts\/(?<number>.+)/); console.log(matches.groups['section']); console.log(matches.groups['number']);

Answer 3

One of cause needs to retrieve this kind of path information just from an URL 's pathname via eg the named capturing groups of an accordingly written RegExp .

For the provided example the url's pathname will be...

/FOOBARBAZ/posts/987

.., thus a regex which uses named capture groups does look like...

/\/(?<section>[^\/]+)\/posts\/(?<number>[^\/?#]+)/

... which reads like...

• \/(?<section>[^\/]+) ... match a single slash then capture any sequence of characters that do not equal a slash, and name this capture group section ... then...
• \/posts ... match a single slash and the sequence posts ... then...
• \/(?<number>[^\/?#]+) ... match a single slash then capture any sequence of characters that are not equal to slash, question mark and hash, and name this capture group number .

 const { section, number } = new URL('https://www.example.com/FOOBARBAZ/posts/987').pathname.match(/\/(?<section>[^\/]+)\/posts\/(?<number>[^\/?#]+)/).groups; console.log({ section, number });

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The same capturing approach without named groups does look like that...

 const [ section, number ] = new URL('https://www.example.com/FOOBARBAZ/posts/987').pathname.match(/\/([^\/]+)\/posts\/([^\/?#]+)/).slice(1); console.log({ section, number });

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