Python HTTP 请求返回 404 或字节

Question

I'm trying to use a Python script to call the API detailed in the link below:

https://developer.wmata.com/docs/services/gtfs/operations/5cdc51ea7a6be320cab064fe ?

When I use the code below, it always returns a 404 error:

import requests
import json


def _url(path):
    return "http://api.wmata.com" + path


def pull_data():
    return requests.get(_url("/gtfs/bus-gtfsrt-tripupdates.pb"), params=params)


def jprint(obj):
    # create a formatted string of the Python JSON object
    text = json.dumps(obj, sort_keys=True, indent=4)
    print(text)


# authenticate with your api key
params = {
    "apiKey": "mykey",
}

response = pull_data()
print(response)
jprint(response.json())

I have also tried using the python code provided in the link, but it returns meaningless response content as shown below. Any attempts to decode the content have been unsuccessful.

Request-Context: appId=cid-v1:2833aead-1a1f-4ffd-874e-ef3a5ceb1de8
Cache-Control: public, must-revalidate, max-age=5
Date: Thu, 11 Feb 2021 22:05:31 GMT
ETag: 0x8D8CED90CC8419C
Content-Length: 625753
Content-MD5: fspEFl7LJ8QbZPgf677WqQ==
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Expires: Thu, 11 Feb 2021 22:05:37 GMT
Last-Modified: Thu, 11 Feb 2021 22:04:49 GMT



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Any guidance or direction would be greatly appreciated!

Answer 1

Try changing your URL so that it is using https instead of http. The documentation that you have linked at Bus RT Trip Updates seems to indicate that https is required.

Change this:

def _url(path):
return "http://api.wmata.com" + path

to make it this:

def _url(path):
return "https://api.wmata.com" + path

Answer 2

Change as pull_data function as follows:

def pull_data():
    return requests.get(_url("/gtfs/bus-gtfsrt-tripupdates.pb"), headers=headers)

Then rename params module global variable to headers .

headers = {"apiKey": "mykey"}

WMATA looks for a apiKey in the headers, not in the query params.

Update: I noticed they use api_key for some samples, and apiKey for another ones. For example see: https://developer.wmata.com/docs/services/gtfs/operations/5cdc51ea7a6be320cab064fe

Update 2: Notice the content type in the response headers:

print(response.headers['content-type'])
# application/octet-stream

it is not a JSON. You can get contents as follows:

print(response.content)

Worked example:

import requests

API_URL = 'https://api.wmata.com'


def _prepare_url(path):
    return f'{API_URL}/{path.lstrip("/")}'


def pull_data(**options):
    url = _prepare_url('/gtfs/bus-gtfsrt-tripupdates.pb')
    return requests.get(url, **options)


response = pull_data(headers={'api_key': 'secret'})
print(response.content)