如何修复我的错误处理代码？ （tkinter 图形用户界面）

Question

I have split the error handing into 3 parts, ( check_black, raise_error, delete_error)

About about the functions:

the check_blank() function checks if there are any errors in the input entries and raise_error() function raises the error by gridding() a ErrorLabel. and if the error have been resolved then delete_error() function deletes the error label.

(there are 5 entry boxes and 4 check buttons, and a 'done' button) ( error should be raised if there's no input for all 5 Entries or at least one check button hasn't been checked )

this is the check_blanks() function:

 def checkblanks(self):
    flag = 0

    if not self.Text1.get():   #text.get() and Answer1.get() etc stores input from entry so if there's no entry then it will be empty
        flag = 1
    if not self.Answer1.get():
        flag = 1
    if not self.Answer2.get():
        flag = 1
    if not self.Answer3.get():
        flag = 1
    if not self.Answer4.get():
        flag = 1
    if not self.var.get():    # var.get stores input from check button so if its not checked then there won't be anything stored in var.get()
        flag += 2

    if flag == 0:     # flag = 0 means no error
        self.ErrorLabel = None

        self.add() #### EDIT ####
        self.delete_error()   
    elif flag == 1 or flag == 2 or flag == 3:   # if flag is 1 or 2 or 3 means there is error
        self.raise_error(flag)

 flag 0 = means no errors flag 1 = means that there's no input in all 5 entries flag 2 = means at least one check button hasn't been checked flag 3 = means both above errors occurred

this is the raise error_function:

 def raise_errors(self, flag):
    if flag == 1 or flag == 3:
        self.L5.grid_forget()
        self.ErrorLabel = tk.Label(self.frame2, text="Error: Fill all the blanks !", fg='white', bg='red')
        self.ErrorLabel.grid(row=7, column=0, pady=10)
    elif flag == 2:
        self.L5.grid_forget()
        self.ErrorLabel = tk.Label(self.frame2, text="Error: check ✔️ the correct answer ", fg='white', bg='red')
        self.ErrorLabel.grid(row=7, column=0, pady=10)

and the delete_error function:

   def delete_error(self):
    if self.ErrorLabel is not None:   # checks if the error label exists  
        self.ErrorLabel.grid_forget()

but there is a problem:

When the error is raised and then error label is made; after the errors are resolved then the error label is not deleted by delete_error()

and sometimes multiple error labels overlap each other and it not very efficient

I need to make the error handling functions more simple and work properly.

EDIT:

also the function add() is called if flag == 0,( if there's no errors ) the add() function just creates a new frame with the same entries and check buttons its and checks for errors all over again.

its just a repeat loop

this is that function:

    def add(self):
        self.X += 1 
        self.frame2.grid_forget()    # deleted main frame
        self.amount_of_questions -= 1
        self.question(self.X)      # question() creates new frame with same widgets

Answer 1

It is over writing each label because you are creating new label for each function call and so on, so I think its safe for us now, to get rid of None and try to use config :

def checkblanks(self):
    flag = 0
.....

    self.ErrorLabel = tk.Label(self.frame2,fg='white',bg='red') # Define the variable with basic base options
    if flag == 0:
        self.delete_error()   
    elif flag == 1 or flag == 2 or flag == 3:
        self.raise_error(flag)

and then delete_error() would be:

def delete_error(self):
    self.ErrorLabel.grid_forget() # Now always errorlabel is defined, you might want to use winfo_exists

So now you have to use config to update the widget inside raise_errors() :

def raise_errors(self, flag):
    if flag == 1 or flag == 3:
        self.L5.grid_forget()
        self.ErrorLabel.config(text="Error: Fill all the blanks !") # Update the widget
        self.ErrorLabel.grid(row=7, column=0, pady=10) # Grid it
    elif flag == 2:
        self.L5.grid_forget()
        self.ErrorLabel.config(text="Error: check ✔️ the correct answer ") # Update the widget
        self.ErrorLabel.grid(row=7, column=0, pady=10) # Grid it

Since I don't have a code to test this up with, this is based on imagination, I think you need winfo_exists inside delete_errors() too.

after the errors are resolved then the error label is not deleted by delete_error()

This might be due to the way self.ErrorLabel was defined as None . Now that it is always defined as a Label , it should be fine.

EDIT: Can you try moving the label inside of __init__ :

def __init__(self):
    ....

    self.ErrorLabel = tk.Label(self.frame2,fg='white',bg='red')