如何使用任何散列算法接受 Rust HashMap？

Question

I'm working on a library that has a function that I would like to be able to accept a HashMap of any hashing algorithm. But when I try to call it with a particular type of HashMap, such as a FnvHashMap, the compiler complains.

pub fn func(map: HashMap<u32, u32>) {}

let map: FnvHashMap<u32, u32> = FnvHashMap::default();
func(map);

error[E0308]: mismatched types
  --> lib.rs:42:10
   |
42 |     func(map);
   |          ^^^ expected struct `RandomState`, found struct `BuildHasherDefault`
   |
   = note: expected struct `HashMap<_, _, RandomState>`
              found struct `HashMap<_, _, BuildHasherDefault<FnvHasher>>`

As FnvHashMap is only a type alias I thought this wouldn't be a problem.

I'm sure there's a way to do this, but I haven't found it yet. What's the correct way?

Answer 1

The definition of HashMap in the docs is:

pub struct HashMap<K, V, S = RandomState> { /* fields omitted */ }

RandomState is the default type, but it can be overridden with another type, including a generic. It may not be immediately clear, but most of the HashMap methods are declared in an impl block that constraints S: BuildHasher , which is the trait you need to bound it by:

use std::hash::BuildHasher;

pub fn func<S: BuildHasher>(map: HashMap<u32, u32, S>) {}