如何使用两个相关参数定义模板 function

Question

I'm trying to define a function, which allows us to call the standard hash function or some custom-defined function, and return the value of hash.

Here is an example about how to use my function:

auto res = myfunc<std::hash>(2);    //hash the integer 2 with the function std::hash
auto res2 = myfunc<std::hash>("abc");    // hash the string "abc" with the function std::hash
auto res3 = myfunc<customHasher>(2);    // hash the integer 2 with some custom hash function

I've tried to code as below:

template<void (*T)(U)>
size_t myfunc(const U &u)
{
    return T<U>(u);
}

T should be a function pointer, a std::function or a lambda, and U is the type of parameter of T .

But it can't be compiled.

main.cpp:14:23: error: expected ‘>’ before ‘(’ token
     template<void (*T)(U)>
                       ^
main.cpp:15:25: error: ‘U’ does not name a type
     size_t myfunc(const U &u)
                         ^
main.cpp: In function ‘size_t myfunc(const int&)’:
main.cpp:17:18: error: ‘U’ was not declared in this scope
         return T<U>(u);

Well, I know that template<void (*T)(U)> must be wrong because U is not defined. But I don't know how to fix it.

Answer 1

You need to declare both parameters. Moreover, std::hash is a class template, not a function. You can use a template template parameter:

#include <cstdint>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

template<typename T, template<typename> typename H = std::hash>
std::size_t myfunc(const T &t)
{
    return H<T>{}(t);
}

int main() {
    std::cout << myfunc(std::string{"123"});
}

Though, to use the same with your customHasher it needs to be a class template (with operator() ), too.

Note that you need to explicitly construct a string in main , otherwise T cannot be deduced to be std::string .