在 javascript 中将字符串拆分为相等长度的子字符串

Question

I have a string, for example "8FPHFW08" and I want to get these substrings: "8F000000", "00PH0000","0000FW00", "00000008".

The relative python fuction is this:

def split_str(s):
    res = []
    for i in range(0,len(s),2):
        a = ['0']*len(s)
        a[i:i+2] = s[i:i+2]
        res.append("".join(a))
    return res 

This is my attempt but I need 0 in empty positions

function split_olc(olc) {   
    var splitted = []
    splitted.push(olc.match(/(..?)/g))
    console.log(splitted[0])
    return splitted[0]

}

How can I do the same thing in Javascript?

Answer 1

JavaScript strings are immutable, so there's no fancy shortcut for "overwrite a substring with another substring". You have to slice it up yourself.

Start with a "template", a string of the appropriate length with all zeroes, then splice it and your subject string appropriately.

const template = s.replace(/./g,'0');
const res = [];
for( let i=0; i<s.length; i+=2) {
    res.push(
        template.substring(0, i)
        + s.substring(i, i+2)
        + template.substring(i+2)
    );
}
return res;

Answer 2

Not sure this is the best way to learn a new language, but I've tried to give you the best one-for-one translation of python to js of your code:

 function split_str(s) { // def split_str(s): const res = [] // res = [] for (let i = 0; i < s.length; i += 2) { // for i in range(0,len(s),2): const a = new Array(s.length).fill('0'); // a = ['0']*len(s) a.splice(i, 2, s[i], s[i+1]); // a[i:i+2] = s[i:i+2] res.push(a.join('')); // res.append("".join(a)) } return res; // return res } console.log(split_str('helloworld'))

Answer 3

Use slice to get the partial string. Use padStart and padEnd fill the start and end with 0

 function replace(str) { const len = str.length, output = [] for (let i = 0; i < len; i += 2) { output.push( str.slice(i, i+2).padStart(i+2, '0').padEnd(len, '0') ) } return output } console.log(...replace("8FPHFW08") )