如何让 tensorflow keras 使用我的 GPU？

Question

I am trying to use keras in tensorflow to train a CNN network for some image classification. Obviously, the training running on my CPU is incredibly slow and so I need to use my GPU to do the training. I've found many similar questions on StackOverflow, none of which have helped me get the GPU to work, hence I am asking this question separately.

I've got an NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 3GB and the 466.47 NVIDIA driver installed. I've installed the CUDA toolkit from the NVIDIA website (installation is confirmed with nvcc -V command outputting my version 11.3), and downloaded the CUDNN library. I unzipped the CUDNN file and copied the files to C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v11.3, as stated on the NVIDIA website. Finally, I've checked that it's on PATH (C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v11.3\bin and C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v11.3\libnvvp are both in the environment variable 'Path').

I then set up an environment using conda, downloading some packages that I need, like scikit-learn, as well as tensorflow-gpu=2.3 After booting my environment into Jupyter Notebook, I run this code to check to see if it's picking up the GPU:

import tensorflow as tf
print(tf.__version__)
print(tf.config.list_physical_devices())

And get this:

2.3.0 [PhysicalDevice(name='/physical_device:CPU:0', device_type='CPU')]

I have tried literally everything I have come into contact with on this topic, but am not getting any success in getting it to work. Any help would be appreciated.

Answer 1

You, first, have to install all CUDA requirements. If you have Ubuntu 20.04, here is how you can install the requirements. Then it's the right time to install tensorflow. Asa you intended to utilize your GPU, you have install tensorflow-gpu library, not tensorflow alone.

Answer 2

I'm guessing you have installed TensorFlow correctly using pip install tensorflow . NVIDIA GPU cards with CUDA architectures 3.5, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0 and higher than 8.0 are currently supported by TensorFlow. If you have the supported cards but TensorFlow cannot detect your GPU, you have to install the following software:

• NVIDIA GPU drivers —CUDA 11.0 requires 450.x or higher.
• CUDA Toolkit —TensorFlow supports CUDA 11 (TensorFlow >= 2.4.0)
• cuDNN SDK 8.0.4

You can optionally install TensorRT 6.0 to improve latency and throughput for inference on some models. For more info, please refer to the TensorFlow documentation: https://www.tensorflow.org/install/gpu

Answer 3

I recommend to use conda to install the CUDA Toolkit packages as well as CUDNN, which will avoid wasting time downloading the right packages (or making changes in the system folders)

conda install -c conda-forge cudatoolkit=11.0 cudnn=8.1

Then you can install keras and tensorflow-gpu by typing

conda install keras==2.7
pip install tensorflow-gpu==2.7

and it will work directly.

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