使用 integer 索引访问字符串数组的特定元素

Question

I want to access to specific element of array using number that generated randomly.

for example,

I want to generate random number 0-9. After number is generated (in this example we assume random number is generated as 4), I want to access array5 and print screen.

How could I success this.

String array initialization code is below

I edited my code as equal size string like below. Each strings have 8 char.

How can I generate random number?

org 100h

array0:    db      "abstract", 0Dh,0Ah, 24h
array1:    db      "academic", 0Dh,0Ah, 24h
array2:    db      "accurate", 0Dh,0Ah, 24h
array3:    db      "bacteria", 0Dh,0Ah, 24h
array4:    db      "attorney", 0Dh,0Ah, 24h
array5:    db      "equation", 0Dh,0Ah, 24h
array6:    db      "umbrella", 0Dh,0Ah, 24h
array7:    db      "overcome", 0Dh,0Ah, 24h
array8:    db      "universe", 0Dh,0Ah, 24h
array9:    db      "analysis", 0Dh,0Ah, 24h

Answer 1

That's not an array; the elements aren't all the same length.

You need to pad out to some fixed max size so you can scale an index like C
struct {char c[16];} arr[10]; to make an array of fixed-size string buffers.
Or make a separate array of pointers like arr: dw array0, array1, ...

Initialise array of strings in assembly shows examples of both ways. For your case, to pad the entries you might use align 16 before each, which would emit padding bytes at that position until the current address is a multiple of 16.

(Scaling an index by 16 would normally be shl di, 4 or whatever register, but original 8086 doesn't have immediate shifts. So mov cl,4 / shl di, cl if you need compatibility with ancient hardware / emulators.)

---

To index what you currently have (a flat concatenation of strings), you'd probably have to linear search for the 4th 24h byte. The 5th string starts after that byte.

Also, if you actually put this data right at the top of a file for a .com executable (org 100h), the string data will execute as code. Don't do that; put your data at the end.

Answer 2

An alternative way to Peter's solution is to scan for the $ -terminator random_number times:

     MOV BX,random_number   
     MOV DI,offset array0  ; Beginning of strings. 
     MOV CX,offset arrayEnd; A label below all "arrays".
     SUB CX,DI             ; Let CX=total size of all strings.
     MOV AL,24h            ; '$' which terminates each string.
     CLD                   ; Ascending scan.
Next:REPNE SCASB           ; Search for '$', start at ES:DI.
     DEC BX                ; 
     JNZ Next              ; Repeat random_number times.
     MOV DX,DI             ; DI now points to the desired string.
     MOV AH,9              ; Use DOS function to print it. 
     INT 21h               ; Output $-terminated string at DS:DX.
     RET                   ; Terminate COM program.
    ; Data section follows:
array0:  db "Car", 0Dh, 0Ah, 24h  
 ...
arrayEnd:db 24h             ; End of strings 

The code is longer and slower, but it saves space in data section, because the strings don't have to be stuffed to unified length.