如何在 python Tkinter 中删除额外的 window？

Question

M trying to create a desktop app but facing some problem while switching between frames using button. Its working all fine but it gives me an extra blank window(consist nothing) when I run my project. Below is my code. Please suggest me any changes or error in my code.

---

import tkinter as tk

class Toplevel1(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self, top=None, *args, **kwargs):
        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

        top.geometry("600x450+306+137")
        top.minsize(120, 1)
        top.maxsize(1370, 749)
        top.resizable(1,  1)
        top.title("New Toplevel")
        top.configure(background="#d9d9d9")

        self.MenuFrame = tk.LabelFrame(top)
        self.MenuFrame.place(relx=0.0, rely=0.0, relheight=0.989, relwidth=0.25)
        self.MenuFrame.configure(relief='groove')
        self.MenuFrame.configure(foreground="black")
        self.MenuFrame.configure(background="#400080")

        self.Button1 = tk.Button(self.MenuFrame)
        self.Button1.place(relx=0.133, rely=0.067, height=24, width=107, bordermode='ignore')
        self.Button1.configure(background="#00ff80")
        self.Button1.configure(foreground="#000000")
        self.Button1.configure(pady="0")
        self.Button1.configure(text='''Button 1''')
        self.Button1.configure(command= lambda : self.show_frame(ButtonOne))
        
        self.MainWindow = tk.LabelFrame(top)
        self.MainWindow.place(relx=0.267, rely=0.111, relheight=0.767, relwidth=0.7)
        self.MainWindow.configure(relief='groove')
        self.MainWindow.configure(foreground="black")
        self.MainWindow.configure(background="#808040")

        self.frames = {}

        for F in (StartPage, ButtonOne):
            frame = F(self.MainWindow)
            self.frames[F] = frame

            frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")

        self.show_frame(StartPage)

    def show_frame(self, cont):
        frame = self.frames[cont]
        frame.tkraise()


class StartPage(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        # label of frame Layout 2


# second window frame page1
class ButtonOne(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = tk.Label(self, text="Button 1 is pressed")
        label.pack()
         
    
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = Toplevel1(root)
    root.mainloop()

Answer 1

This causes a window to be created:

class Toplevel1(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self, top=None, *args, **kwargs):
        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        ...
...
app = Toplevel1(root)

And this causes a window to be created:

root = tk.Tk()

If you don't want Toplevel1 to be a separate window, don't inherit from tk.Tk . Instead, you can inherit from tk.Frame , and then you can call pack , place , or grid to add this to the root window.

However, it looks like you're intending for your Toplevel1 to be the true root window, so you can remove root = tk.Tk() . You can then do app.mainloop() rather than root.mainloop() You'll also have to make a few other adjustments, such as using self rather than top inside Toplevel1.__init__ .

Put another way, if you want only one window then either inherit from tk.Tk or create an instance of tk.Tk , but don't do both.

Answer 2

As on tkinter callbacks, tk.Tk in class Toplevel1 is about the same as Toplevel1=tk.Tk() which, in a sesne opens a new window. the third line from whitespace, tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) , it becomes useless.