我可以跨同一个 python 包的模块重用导入吗？

Question

I have a package named "test" with several modules:

master/
|-- __init__.py
|-- app/
|-- auth/
|-- test/
|---- | __ init __.py
|---- | test_A.py
|---- | test_B.py
|---- | test_C.py

all test_X.py import the same core modules:

import unittest
from unittest.mock import patch
import json
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

from master.app.app import create_app
from master.app.models import setup_db, subject_student, Subject, Student
from master.app.functions import query_a_record

I wonder if there is a way to create a single file that imports all of the above modules and imports that file into each test file. I am just trying to avoid code repetition.

What I have tried:

• Included all the imports in the __ init __.py file that is inside the test package then imported init into each test
• Created a config.py inside the package and then imported config into each module.

Of course, none of those have worked. Any suggestion as to how to write those imports just once and reuse that piece of code in all my test modules? Or that is not even possible?

Answer 1

I suggest you delve a little bit in how Python defines and manages namespaces .

As for your question, config.py or __init__.py definitely import the required modules, but their names are tied to that namespace, so when you access any of those names within your testX.py scripts, it raises NameError because you're in a different namespace and that name is not recognized; you have to qualify it with the name of the module it belongs to.

A typical function call would be:

config.unittest.mock.patch()

You can easily avoid this qualification by importing all of config namespace:

from config import *