如何将 C 结构反序列化为 Rust 结构

Question

Let's say that there exists a kernel header like this in C:

typedef struct {
  uint32_t type;
  uint32_t length;
  uint32_t extra;
  uint32_t flags;

  uint32_t reserved0;
  uint32_t reserved1;

  uint32_t magic;
  uint32_t crc32;
} zbi_header_t;

That is, the fist bytes of the kernel image are this struct.

In order to parse this header into Rust, I'd have something like this:

#[derive(Debug)]
#[repr(C)]
pub struct ZbiHeader {
    zbi_type: u32,
    length: u32,
    extra: u32,
    flags: u32,
    reserved0: u32,
    reserved1: u32,
    magic: u32,
    crc32: u32,
}

notice that I added a repr(C) .

What is the best Rust way to transform a slice &[u8] of size sizeof(zbi_header_t) into this struct?

Can I take a byte array and deserialize it into a struct? talks about alignment issues but would we have it here?

In this particular case where all values are uint32_t I think the compiler wouldn't do any paddings, but I don't know if this is guaranteed and also I'm thinking about what if there was an u8 in the middle. It could be that the compiler always disables the paddings for this file? By the way, the header is from https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/6d0df1b8f7cbadf04553501f995156b224dd6347/zircon/system/public/zircon/boot/image.h#102 but I couldn't find any rules saying it should ignore paddings, etc.

Answer 1

Padding won't be an issue - since you have #[repr(C)] , the representation of the Rust ZbiHeader will match the representation of the C zbi_header_t , padding and all.

As for the alignment issues, it entirely depends on how you get your &[u8] byte slice. If you know for a fact that it's a zbi_header_t casted to a byte pointer, then the pointer should be well aligned. If you're just grabbing a random &[u8] slice, ex from a file input buffer, then you'd have to worry.