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ModuleNotFoundError：没有名为“_ctypes”的模块 Mac M1

[英]ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes' Mac M1

原文 2021-10-08 13:18:44 8 3 python/ macos

While installing some libraries you may find the issue ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'在安装一些库时，您可能会发现问题ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'

3 个解决方案

确保您正在运行 python 3.8.10 +

Short version:精简版：

Try installing python 3.7.13 with pyenv : pyenv install 3.7.13 , and if that does not work, try python 3.7.12 ( pyenv install 3.7.12 ).尝试使用 pyenv 安装 python 3.7.13 ： pyenv install 3.7.13 ，如果不起作用，请尝试 python 3.7.12 （ pyenv install 3.7.12 ）。

The pyenv release 2.2.3 addresses the compilation problems for 3.6.15/3.7.12 on M1 macs, specifically for ctypes . pyenv 版本 2.2.3解决了 M1 mac 上 3.6.15/3.7.12 的编译问题，特别是针对ctypes 。

Long version:长版：

The underlying cause for the _ctypes error seems to be that libffi cannot be found during the compilation, and is therefore (silently) skipped during the Python installation. _ctypes错误的根本原因似乎是在编译期间找不到 libffi，因此在 Python 安装期间（默默地）跳过。

There is a comprehensive overview for installing different versions using pyenv at this page , some specific versions require homebrew patches. 在此页面上有使用 pyenv 安装不同版本的全面概述，某些特定版本需要自制补丁。 Here is an overview of those patches . 以下是这些补丁的概述。 However, I would try installing them without the patches first, as the pyenv team has fixed various compilation problems since that post was written.但是，我会先尝试在不安装补丁的情况下安装它们，因为 pyenv 团队已经修复了自那篇文章撰写以来的各种编译问题。

The general syntax for installing with a patch is: pyenv install --patch XXX <<(curl -sSL link_to_patch) where XXX is the version you want to install.使用补丁安装的一般语法是： pyenv install --patch XXX <<(curl -sSL link_to_patch)其中XXX是您要安装的版本。

Another solution is to use an x86 version of homebrew .另一种解决方案是使用 x86 版本的 homebrew 。

Officially, Python 3.7 and lower are not supported on Apple Silicon . Apple Silicon 正式不支持 Python 3.7 及更低版本。

Updating to Python 3.7.13 (or higher versions) should solve the problem.更新到 Python 3.7.13（或更高版本）应该可以解决问题。