Web 在 javascript 动态网站中用 python 抓取

Question

I need to scrape all article, title of article and paragraf in this web: https://portaljuridic.gencat.cat/eli/es-ct/l/2014/12/29/19

The problem is than I tried some of div, h3 or p nothing happen add image .

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import lxml
import pandas as pd
from tqdm import tqdm_notebook


def parse_url(url):
    response = requests.get(url)
    content = response.content
    parsed_response = BeautifulSoup(content, "lxml")
    return parsed_response


url = "https://portaljuridic.gencat.cat/eli/es-ct/l/2014/12/29/19"

soup = parse_url(url)


article = soup.find("div", {"class":"article-document"})

article

It seems to be a website with javascript, but I don't know how to get it.

Answer 1

The website does 3 API calls in order to get the data.
The code below does the same and get the data.

(In the browser do F12 -> Network -> XHR and see the API calls)

import requests

payload1 = {'language':'ca','documentId':680124}
r1 = requests.post('https://portaldogc.gencat.cat/eadop-rest/api/pjc/getListTraceabilityStandard',data = payload1)
if r1.status_code == 200:
  print(r1.json())

print('------------------')
payload2 = {'documentId':680124,'orderBy':'DESC','language':'ca','traceability':'02'}
r2 = requests.post('https://portaldogc.gencat.cat/eadop-rest/api/pjc/getListValidityByDocument',data = payload2)
if r2.status_code == 200:
  print(r2.json())

print('------------------')

payload3 = {'documentId': 680124,'traceabilityStandard': '02','language': 'ca'}
r3 = requests.post('https://portaldogc.gencat.cat/eadop-rest/api/pjc/documentPJC',data=payload3)
if r3.status_code == 200:
  print(r3.json())

Answer 2

You can use Selenium to automate web browser interaction as it simulates a browser and you can wait till the JavaScript component loads completely.

It provides you an option for using headless chrome instead as well ( just like in the example below )

You can check out the following script which scrapes the titles and all the paragraphs from the URL, and saves them in a txt file.

import time
from selenium.webdriver import Chrome
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")
driver = Chrome(options=chrome_options)

url = "https://portaljuridic.gencat.cat/eli/es-ct/l/2014/12/29/19"
driver.get(url)
time.sleep(5)

title = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(".titol-document").text
print(title)

paragraphs = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(
    "div#art-1").find_elements_by_css_selector("div")[1:]
print(paragraphs)

file = open("article.txt", "w")
for paragraph in paragraphs:
    file.write(paragraph.text)

You can adjust the time.sleep function as per the.network speed.

You can read more about Selenium over here

Also, as mentioned in the comments to the prior answer - this will automatically extract the content where all special characters would already be parsed.

If you don't want to use a browser like Selenium and its counterparts (eg Puppeteer, Playwright), you can use solutions that offer JS rendering like some of the web scraping APIs recommended in this article .