如何通过设置 MYLIB_LIBS 和 MYLIB_CFLAGS 来“覆盖 pkg-config”？

Question

I'm trying to build some program which uses GNU autotools on a Unix-like OS. It needs some library which my OS distribution doesn't have, say mylib , so I download, build and install that library under /opt/mylib .

Now, I want to tell the configure script to use mylib under /opt/mylib , but it doesn't have a command-line option such as --mylib-location= . However, configure --help tells me:

Some influential environment variables:
... snip ...
  MYLIB_CFLAGS C compiler flags for mylib, overriding pkg-config
  MYLIB_LIBS   linker flags for mylib, overriding pkg-config
... snip ...

I'm guessing these are shell variables I need to set. But - what exactly do I need to set them to?

Answer 1

These variables are expanded in the command-line for compilation and for linking respectively. So, typically, the _CFLAGS would need to indicate an include file search path and _LIBS would need to tell the linker to use the library, plus indicate a search path for it.

In your specific case, and assuming typical layout of /opt/mylibs , you need to set:

MYLIB_CFLAGS=-I/opt/mylib/include
MYLIB_LIBS="-L/opt/mylib/lib -lmylib"

and that should do it. The text about "overriding pkg-config" is due to how pkg-config is used as the default for obtaining these flags. Example (for the PNG library and on my system):

# pkg-config --cflags libpng
-I/usr/include/libpng16
# pkg-config --libs libpng
-lpng16 -lz

pkg-config has search paths configured for include and library directories, plus a repository of .pc files etc., with which it determines the system location of various libraries/packages.